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           Department of the Treasury                    Contents
           Internal Revenue Service
                                                         Future Developments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          1
                                                         What’s New     . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Publication 915
Cat. No. 15320P                                          Reminders    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
                                                         Introduction   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
                                                         Are Any of Your Benefits Taxable?                  . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Social 
                                                         How To Report Your Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .              6
Security                                                 How Much Is Taxable? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           6
                                                         Lump-Sum Election          . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   11
and                                                      Deductions Related to Your Benefits . . . . . . . . . .                    15
                                                         Worksheets     . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   15
Equivalent 
                                                         Appendix     . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Railroad                                                 How To Get Tax Help          . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   29
                                                         Index  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Retirement 

                                                         Future Developments
Benefits
                                                         For the latest information about developments related to 
                                                         Pub.  915,  such  as  legislation  enacted  after  it  was 
For use in preparing
                                                         published, go to IRS.gov/Pub915.

2022 Returns

                                                         What’s New
                                                         Due date of return.        File Form 1040 or 1040-SR by April 
                                                         18, 2023. The due date is April 18, instead of April 15, be-
                                                         cause  of  the  Emancipation  Day  holiday  in  the  District  of 
                                                         Columbia—even if you don't live in the District of Colum-
                                                         bia.
                                                         Filing  status  name  changed  to  qualifying  surviving 
                                                         spouse.      The  filing  status  qualifying  widow(er)  is  now 
                                                         called qualifying surviving spouse. The rules for the filing 
                                                         status have not changed. The same rules that applied for 
                                                         qualifying widow(er) apply to qualifying surviving spouse. 
                                                         See Qualifying  Surviving  Spouse  in  the  Instructions  for 
                                                         Form  1040  for  details  on  the  qualifying  widow(er)  filing 
                                                         status.
                                                         New  lines  1a  through  1z  on  Forms  1040  and 
                                                         1040-SR.     This  year,  line  1  is  expanded  and  there  are 
                                                         new lines 1a through 1z. Some amounts that in prior years 
                                                         were reported on Form 1040, and some amounts reported 
                                                         on Form 1040-SR, are now reported on Schedule 1 (Form 
                                                         1040).
                                                         •   Scholarships and fellowship grants are now reported 
                                                             on Schedule 1, line 8r.
                                                         •   Pension or annuity from a nonqualified deferred com-
                                                             pensation plan or a nongovernmental section 457 plan 
Get forms and other information faster and easier at:
• IRS.gov (English)    • IRS.gov/Korean (한국어)                is now reported on Schedule 1, line 8t.
• IRS.gov/Spanish (Español)  • IRS.gov/Russian (Pусский) •   Wages earned while incarcerated are now reported 
• IRS.gov/Chinese (中文) • IRS.gov/Vietnamese (Tiếng Việt) 
                                                             on Schedule 1, line 8u.

Feb 7, 2023

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New line 6c on Forms 1040 and 1040-SR. A checkbox Statement; Form RRB-1099, Payments by the Railroad
was added on line 6c. Taxpayers who elect to use the Retirement Board; Form SSA-1042S, Social Security
lump-sum election method for their benefits will check this Benefit Statement; or Form RRB-1042S, Statement for
box. See Lump-Sum Election, later. Nonresident Alien Recipients of Payments by the Railroad
Retirement Board, showing the amount.

Note. When the term “benefits” is used in this publica-
Reminders tion, it applies to both social security benefits and the
SSEB portion of tier 1 railroad retirement benefits.
my Social Security account. Social security beneficia-
ries may quickly and easily obtain information from the What is covered in this publication. This publication
Social Security Administration's (SSA's) website with a my covers the following topics.
Social Security account to:
• Whether any of your benefits are taxable.
• Keep track of your earnings and verify them every
year, • How to report taxable benefits.
• Get an estimate of your future benefits if you are still • How much is taxable.
working, • How to treat lump-sum benefit payments.
• Get a letter with proof of your benefits if you currently • Deductions related to your benefits, including a de-
receive them, duction or credit you can claim if your repayments are
• Change your address, more than your gross benefits.
• Start or change your direct deposit, The Appendix at the end of this publication explains items
shown on your Form SSA-1099, SSA-1042S, RRB-1099,
• Get a replacement Medicare card, and or RRB-1042S.
• Get a replacement Form SSA-1099 or SSA-1042S for
What isn’t covered in this publication. This publication
the tax season.
doesn’t cover the tax rules for the following railroad retire-
For more information and to set up an account, go to ment benefits.
SSA.gov/myaccount.
• Non-social security equivalent benefit (NSSEB) por-
Tuition and fees deduction not available. The tuition tion of tier 1 benefits.
and fees deduction is not available after 2020. Instead,
the income limitations for the lifetime learning credit have • Tier 2 benefits.
been increased. See Form 8863 and its instructions. • Vested dual benefits.
Photographs of missing children. The IRS is a proud Supplemental annuity benefits.
•
partner with the National Center for Missing & Exploited
Children® (NCMEC). Photographs of missing children se- For information on these taxable pension benefits, see
lected by the Center may appear in this publication on pa- Pub. 575, Pension and Annuity Income.
ges that would otherwise be blank. You can help bring This publication also doesn’t cover the tax rules for for-
these children home by looking at the photographs and eign social security benefits. These benefits are taxable
calling 1-800-THE-LOST (1-800-843-5678) if you recog- as annuities, unless they are exempt from U.S. tax or trea-
nize a child. ted as a U.S. social security benefit under a tax treaty.

Comments and suggestions. We welcome your com-
ments about this publication and suggestions for future
Introduction editions.
You can send us comments through IRS.gov/
This publication explains the federal income tax rules for FormComments. Or, you can write to the Internal Reve-
social security benefits and equivalent tier 1 railroad retire- nue Service, Tax Forms and Publications, 1111 Constitu-
ment benefits. It is prepared through the joint efforts of the tion Ave. NW, IR-6526, Washington, DC 20224.
IRS, the Social Security Administration (SSA), and the Although we can’t respond individually to each com-
U.S. Railroad Retirement Board (RRB). ment received, we do appreciate your feedback and will
Social security benefits include monthly retirement, sur- consider your comments and suggestions as we revise
vivor, and disability benefits. They don’t include Supple- our tax forms, instructions, and publications. Don’t send
mental Security Income (SSI) payments, which aren’t tax- tax questions, tax returns, or payments to the above ad-
able. dress.
Equivalent tier 1 railroad retirement benefits are the
part of tier 1 benefits that a railroad employee or benefi- Getting answers to your tax questions. If you have
ciary would have been entitled to receive under the social a tax question not answered by this publication or the How
security system. They are commonly called the social se- To Get Tax Help section at the end of this publication, go
curity equivalent benefit (SSEB) portion of tier 1 benefits. to the IRS Interactive Tax Assistant page at IRS.gov/
If you received these benefits during 2022, you should Help/ITA where you can find topics by using the search
have received a Form SSA-1099, Social Security Benefit feature or viewing the categories listed.

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Getting tax forms, instructions, and publications. Children's benefits. The rules in this publication apply to
Go to IRS.gov/Forms to download current and prior-year benefits received by children. See Who is taxed, later.
forms, instructions, and publications.
The SSA issues Form SSA-1099 and Form
Ordering tax forms, instructions, and publications. TIP SSA-1042S. The RRB issues Form RRB-1099
Go to IRS.gov/OrderForms to order current forms, instruc- and Form RRB-1042S. These forms (tax state-
tions, and publications; call 800-829-3676 to order ments) report the amounts paid and repaid, and taxes
prior-year forms and instructions. The IRS will process withheld for a tax year. You may receive more than one of
your order for forms and publications as soon as possible. these forms for the same tax year. See the Appendix,
Don’t resubmit requests you’ve already sent us. You can later, for more information.
get forms and publications faster online.
Each original Form RRB-1099 or Form RRB-1042S is
Useful Items valid unless it has been corrected. The RRB will issue a
You may want to see: corrected Form RRB-1099 or Form RRB-1042S if there is
an error in the original. A corrected Form RRB-1099 or
Publication Form RRB-1042S is indicated as “CORRECTED” and re-
places the corresponding original Form RRB-1099 or
501 501 Dependents, Standard Deduction, and Filing Form RRB-1042S. You must use the latest corrected
Information Form RRB-1099 or Form RRB-1042S you received and
505 505 Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax any original Form RRB-1099 or Form RRB-1042S that the
519 519 U.S. Tax Guide for Aliens RRB hasn’t corrected when you determine what amounts
to report on your tax return.
575 575 Pension and Annuity Income
590-A 590-A Contributions to Individual Retirement Figuring total income. To figure the total of one-half of
Arrangements (IRAs) your benefits plus your other income, use Worksheet A,
discussed later. If the total is more than your base
Form (and Instructions) amount, part of your benefits may be taxable.
1040-ES 1040-ES Estimated Tax for Individuals If you are married and file a joint return for 2022, you
SSA-1099 SSA-1099 Social Security Benefit Statement and your spouse must combine your incomes and your
benefits to figure whether any of your combined benefits
RRB-1099 RRB-1099 Payments by the Railroad Retirement are taxable. Even if your spouse didn’t receive any bene-
Board fits, you must add your spouse's income to yours to figure
W-4V W-4V Voluntary Withholding Request whether any of your benefits are taxable.
See How To Get Tax Help at the end of this publication for If the only income you received during 2022 was
information about getting these publications and forms. TIP your social security or the SSEB portion of tier 1
railroad retirement benefits, your benefits gener-
ally aren’t taxable and you probably don’t have to file a re-
Are Any of Your Benefits turn. If you have income in addition to your benefits, you
may have to file a return even if none of your benefits are
Taxable? taxable. See IRS Pub. 501 or your tax return instructions
to find out if you have to file a return.
To find out whether any of your benefits shown on Forms
SSA-1099 and RRB-1099 may be taxable, compare the Base amount. Your base amount is:
base amount (explained later) for your filing status with
the total of: • $25,000 if you are single, head of household, or quali-
fying surviving spouse;
1. One-half of your benefits; plus
• $25,000 if you are married filing separately and lived
2. All your other income, including tax-exempt interest. apart from your spouse for all of 2022;
Exclusions. When making this comparison, don’t reduce • $32,000 if you are married filing jointly; or
your other income by any exclusions for: • $0 if you are married filing separately and lived with
• Interest from qualified U.S. savings bonds, your spouse at any time during 2022.
• Employer-provided adoption benefits, Worksheet A. You can use Worksheet A to figure the
amount of income to compare with your base amount.
• Interest on education loans, This is a quick way to check whether some of your bene-
• Foreign earned income or foreign housing, or fits may be taxable.
• Income earned by bona fide residents of American
Samoa or Puerto Rico.

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Worksheet A. A Quick Way To Check if Your Benefits May Be Taxable
Note. If you plan to file a joint income tax return, include your spouse's amounts, if any, on lines A, C, and D.

A.     Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099. Include the 
       full amount of any lump-sum benefit payments received in 2022, for 2022 and earlier years. (If 
       you received more than one form, combine the amounts from box 5 and enter the total.) . . . . .                                               A.  
Note. If the amount on line A is zero or less, stop here; none of your benefits are taxable this year.

B.     Multiply line A by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     B.  

C.     Enter your total income that is taxable (excluding line A), such as pensions, wages, interest, 
       ordinary dividends, and capital gain distributions. Don’t reduce your income by any 
       deductions, exclusions (listed earlier), or exemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                      C.  

D.     Enter any tax-exempt interest income, such as interest on municipal bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                       D.  

E.     Add lines B, C, and D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E. 
Note. Compare the amount on line E to your base amount for your filing status. If the amount on line E equals or is less than the base amount for 
your filing status, none of your benefits are taxable this year. If the amount on line E is more than your base amount, some of your benefits may 
be taxable. You need to complete Worksheet 1. If none of your benefits are taxable, but you must otherwise file a tax return, see Benefits not 
taxable, later, under How To Report Your Benefits.

Example. You and your spouse (both over 65) are filing a joint return for 2022 and you both received social security 
benefits during the year. In January 2023, you received a Form SSA-1099 showing net benefits of $5,100 in box 5. 
Your spouse received a Form SSA-1099 showing net benefits of $2,500 in box 5. You also received a taxable pension 
of $28,100 and interest income of $700. You didn’t have any tax-exempt interest income. Your benefits aren’t taxable 
for 2022 because your income, as figured on Worksheet A, isn’t more than your base amount ($32,000) for married 
filing jointly.
   Even though none of your benefits are taxable, you must file a return for 2022 because your taxable gross income 
($28,800) exceeds the minimum filing requirement amount for your filing status. 

Filled-in Worksheet A. A Quick Way To Check if Your Benefits May Be Taxable
Note. If you plan to file a joint income tax return, include your spouse's amounts, if any, on lines A, C, and D.

A.     Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099. Include the 
       full amount of any lump-sum benefit payments received in 2022, for 2022 and earlier years. (If 
       you received more than one form, combine the amounts from box 5 and enter the total.) . . . . .                                               A. $6,000
Note. If the amount on line A is zero or less, stop here; none of your benefits are taxable this year.

B.     Multiply line A by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     B. 3,000

C.     Enter your total income that is taxable (excluding line A), such as pensions, wages, interest, 
       ordinary dividends, and capital gain distributions. Don’t reduce your income by any 
       deductions, exclusions (listed earlier), or exemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                      C. 28,800

D.     Enter any tax-exempt interest income, such as interest on municipal bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                       D. -0-

E.     Add lines B, C, and D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E. $31,800
Note. Compare the amount on line E to your base amount for your filing status. If the amount on line E equals or is less than the base amount for 
your filing status, none of your benefits are taxable this year. If the amount on line E is more than your base amount, some of your benefits may 
be taxable and you will need to complete Worksheet 1. If none of your benefits are taxable, but you must otherwise file a tax return, see Benefits 
not taxable, later, under How To Report Your Benefits.

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Who is taxed. Benefits are included in the taxable in- with the RRB to provide citizenship and residency infor-
come (to the extent they are taxable) of the person who mation. If you don’t file Form RRB-1001, the RRB will con-
has the legal right to receive the benefits. For example, if sider you a nonresident alien and withhold tax from your
you and your child receive benefits, but the check for your railroad retirement benefits at a 30% rate. Contact the
child is made out in your name, you must use only your RRB to get this form.
part of the benefits to see whether any benefits are taxa-
ble to you. One-half of the part that belongs to your child Lawful permanent residents. For U.S. income tax pur-
must be added to your child's other income to see poses, lawful permanent residents (green card holders)
whether any of those benefits are taxable to your child. are considered resident aliens until their lawful permanent
resident status under the immigration laws is either taken
Repayment of benefits. Any repayment of benefits you away or is administratively or judicially determined to have
made during 2022 must be subtracted from the gross ben- been abandoned. Social security benefits paid to a green
efits you received in 2022. It doesn’t matter whether the card holder are not subject to 30% withholding. If you are
repayment was for a benefit you received in 2022 or in an a green card holder and tax was withheld in error on your
earlier year. If you repaid more than the gross benefits you social security benefits because you have a foreign ad-
received in 2022, see Repayments More Than Gross dress, the withholding tax is refundable by the SSA or the
Benefits, later. IRS. The SSA will refund taxes erroneously withheld if the
Your gross benefits are shown in box 3 of Form refund can be processed during the same calendar year
SSA-1099 or Form RRB-1099. Your repayments are in which the tax was withheld. If the SSA can’t refund the
shown in box 4. The amount in box 5 shows your net ben- taxes withheld, you must file a Form 1040 or 1040-SR with
efits for 2022 (box 3 minus box 4). Use the amount in the Internal Revenue Service Center, Austin, TX 73301, to
box 5 to figure whether any of your benefits are taxable. determine if you are entitled to a refund. You must also at-
tach the following information to your Form 1040 or
Example. In 2021, you received $3,000 in social se- 1040-SR.
curity benefits, and in 2022 you received $2,700. In March
2022, the SSA notified you that you should have received • A copy of the Form SSA-1042S.
only $2,500 in benefits in 2021. During 2022, you repaid • A copy of the “green card” unless you are a bona fide
$500 to the SSA. The Form SSA-1099 you received for resident of American Samoa.
2022 shows $2,700 in box 3 (gross amount) and $500 in
box 4 (repayment). The amount in box 5 shows your net • A signed declaration that includes the following state-
ments:
benefits of $2,200 ($2,700 minus $500).
“The SSA should not have withheld federal income tax
Tax withholding and estimated tax. You can choose to from my social security benefits because I am a U.S. law-
have federal income tax withheld from your social security ful permanent resident and my green card has been nei-
benefits and/or the SSEB portion of your tier 1 railroad re- ther revoked nor administratively or judicially determined
tirement benefits. If you choose to do this, you must com- to have been abandoned. I am filing a U.S. income tax re-
plete a Form W-4V. turn for the tax year as a resident alien reporting all of my
If you don’t choose to have income tax withheld, you worldwide income. I have not claimed benefits for the tax
may have to request additional withholding from other in- year under an income tax treaty as a nonresident alien.”
come or pay estimated tax during the year. For details,
see Pub. 505, or the Instructions for Form 1040-ES. Nonresident aliens. A nonresident alien is an individual
who isn’t a citizen or resident of the United States. If you
U.S. citizens residing abroad. U.S. citizens who are are a nonresident alien, the rules discussed in this publi-
residents of the following countries are exempt from U.S. cation don’t apply to you. Instead, 85% of your benefits
tax on their benefits. are taxed at a 30% rate, unless exempt (or subject to a
• Canada. lower rate) by treaty. You will receive a Form SSA-1042S
or Form RRB-1042S showing the amount of your benefits.
• Egypt. These forms will also show the tax rate and the amount of
• Germany. tax withheld from your benefits.
Under tax treaties with the following countries, resi-
• Ireland. dents of these countries are exempt from U.S. tax on their
• Israel. benefits.
• Italy. (You must also be a citizen of Italy for the ex- • Canada.
emption to apply.) • Egypt.
• Romania. • Germany.
• United Kingdom. • Ireland.
The SSA won’t withhold U.S. tax from your benefits if
• Israel.
you are a U.S. citizen.
The RRB will withhold U.S. tax from your benefits un- • Italy.
less you file Form RRB-1001, Nonresident Questionnaire, • Japan.

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• Romania.
• United Kingdom. How Much Is Taxable?
Under a treaty with India, benefits paid to individuals
who are both residents and nationals of India are exempt If part of your benefits are taxable, how much is taxable
from U.S. tax if the benefits are for services performed for depends on the total amount of your benefits and other in-
the United States or its subdivisions, or local government come. Generally, the higher that total amount, the greater
authorities. the taxable part of your benefits.
If you are a resident of Switzerland, your total benefit
amount will be taxed at a 15% rate. Maximum taxable part. Generally, up to 50% of your
For more information on whether you are a nonresident benefits will be taxable. However, up to 85% of your bene-
alien, see Pub. 519. fits can be taxable if either of the following situations ap-
plies to you.
Exemption from withholding. If your social security
benefits are exempt from tax because you are a resident • The total of one-half of your benefits and all your other
income is more than $34,000 ($44,000 if you are mar-
of one of the treaty countries listed, the SSA won’t with-
ried filing jointly).
hold U.S. tax from your benefits.
If your railroad retirement benefits are exempt from tax • You are married filing separately and lived with your
because you are a resident of one of the treaty countries spouse at any time during 2022.
listed, you can claim an exemption from withholding by fil-
ing Form RRB-1001 with the RRB. Contact the RRB to get Which worksheet to use. A worksheet you can use to
this form. figure your taxable benefits is in the Instructions for Form
1040. You can use either that worksheet or Worksheet 1
Canadian or German social security benefits paid to in this publication, unless any of the following situations
U.S. residents. Under income tax treaties with Canada applies to you.
and Germany, social security benefits paid by those coun-
1. You contributed to a traditional individual retirement
tries to U.S. residents are treated for U.S. income tax pur-
arrangement (IRA) and you or your spouse is covered
poses as if they were paid under the social security legis-
by a retirement plan at work. In this situation, you
lation of the United States. If you receive social security
must use the special worksheets in Appendix B of
benefits from Canada or Germany, include them on line 1
Pub. 590-A to figure both your IRA deduction and
of Worksheet 1.
your taxable benefits.
2. Situation 1 doesn’t apply and you take an exclusion
for interest from qualified U.S. savings bonds (Form
How To Report Your Benefits
8815), for adoption benefits (Form 8839), for foreign
If part of your benefits are taxable, you must use Form earned income or housing (Form 2555), or for income
1040 or 1040-SR. earned in American Samoa (Form 4563) or Puerto
Rico by bona fide residents. In this situation, you must
Reporting on Form 1040 or 1040-SR. Report your net use Worksheet 1 in this publication to figure your tax-
benefits (the total amount from box 5 of all your Forms able benefits.
SSA-1099 and Forms RRB-1099) on line 6a and the taxa- 3. You received a lump-sum payment for an earlier year.
ble part on line 6b. If you are married filing separately and In this situation, also complete Worksheet 2 or and 3
you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, also enter Worksheet 4 in this publication. See Lump-Sum Elec-
“D” to the right of the word “benefits” on line 6a. tion, later.
Benefits not taxable. Report your net benefits (the total
amount from box 5 of all your Forms SSA-1099 and Examples
Forms RRB-1099) on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a. En-
ter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6b. If you are mar- A few examples you can use as a guide to figure the taxa-
ried filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse ble part of your benefits follow.
for all of 2022, also enter “D” to the right of the word “ben-
efits” on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a.

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Examples

Example 1. George White is single and files Form 1040 for 2022. In addition to receiving social security payments, he 
received a fully taxable pension of $18,600, wages from a part-time job of $9,400, and taxable interest income of 
$990, for a total of $28,990. He received a Form SSA-1099 in January 2023 that shows his net social security benefits 
of $5,980 in box 5. 
  To figure his taxable benefits, George completes Worksheet 1, shown below. On line 6a of his Form 1040, George 
enters his net benefits of $5,980. On line 6b, he enters his taxable benefits of $2,990.

Filled-in Worksheet 1. Figuring Your Taxable Benefits                                                          Keep for Your Records
Before you begin:
•   If you are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on 
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a.
•   Don’t use this worksheet if you repaid benefits in 2022 and your total repayments (box 4 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099) were 
    more than your gross benefits for 2022 (box 3 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099). None of your benefits are taxable for 2022. For 
    more information, see Repayments More Than Gross Benefits.
•   If you are filing Form 8815, Exclusion of Interest From Series EE and I U.S. Savings Bonds Issued After 1989, don’t include the amount 
    from line 2b of Form 1040 or 1040-SR on line 3 of this worksheet. Instead, include the amount from Schedule B (Form 1040), line 2.
 1. Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099. Also 
    enter this amount on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1. $5,980
 2. Multiply line 1 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           2. 2,990
 3. Combine the amounts from:
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, lines 1z, 2b, 3b, 4b, 5b, 7, and 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                            3. 28,990
 4. Enter the amount, if any, from Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 2a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                4. -0-
 5. Enter the total of any exclusions/adjustments for:
    • Adoption benefits (Form 8839, line 28),
    • Foreign earned income or housing (Form 2555, lines 45 and 50), and
    • Certain income of bona fide residents of American Samoa (Form 4563, line 15) or Puerto 
      Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5. -0-
 6. Combine lines 2, 3, 4, and 5 above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                6. 31,980
 7.  Enter the total of the amounts from Schedule 1 (Form 1040), lines 11 through 20, and 23 and 25 . . . . . . .                                                   7. -0-
 8. Is the amount on line 7 less than the amount on line 6? 
      No.      STOP  None of your social security benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6b.
      Yes.     Subtract line 7 from line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    8. 31,980
 9. If you are:
    • Married filing jointly, enter $32,000; or 
    • Single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or married filing separately and you lived 
      apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter $25,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                             9. 25,000
    Note. If you are married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time in 2022, skip lines 9 
    through 16, multiply line 8 by 85% (0.85), and enter the result on line 17. Then, go to line 18.
10. Is the amount on line 9 less than the amount on line 8? 
      No.      STOP  None of your benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6b. If you 
                     are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, be 
                     sure you entered “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6a.
      Yes.     Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                   10. 6,980
11. Enter $12,000 if married filing jointly; $9,000 if single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or 
    married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                      11. 9,000
12. Subtract line 11 from line 10. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    12. -0-
13. Enter the smaller of line 10 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .              13. 6,980
14. Multiply line 13 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           14. 3,490
15. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .             15. 2,990
16. Multiply line 12 by 85% (0.85). If line 12 is zero, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                      16. -0-
17. Add lines 15 and 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      17. 2,990
18. Multiply line 1 by 85% (0.85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          18. 5,083
19. Taxable benefits. Enter the smaller of line 17 or line 18. Also enter this amount on Form 1040 or 
    1040-SR, line 6b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     19. $2,990
                     If you received a lump-sum payment in 2022 that was for an earlier year, also 
    TIP              complete Worksheet 2 or 3 and Worksheet 4 to see if you can report a lower taxable 
                     benefit.

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The type and rule above prints on all proofs including departmental reproduction proofs. MUST be removed before printing.

Example 2. Ray and Alice Hopkins file a joint return on Form 1040 for 2022. Ray is retired and received a fully taxable 
pension of $15,500. He also received social security benefits, and his Form SSA-1099 for 2022 shows net benefits of 
$5,600 in box 5. Alice worked during the year and had wages of $14,000. She made a deductible payment to her IRA 
account of $1,000 and isn’t covered by a retirement plan at work. Ray and Alice have two savings accounts with a total 
of $250 in taxable interest income. They complete Worksheet 1, shown below, entering $29,750 ($15,500 + $14,000 + 
$250) on line 3. They find none of Ray's social security benefits are taxable. On Form 1040, they enter $5,600 on 
line 6a and -0- on line 6b.

Filled-in Worksheet 1. Figuring Your Taxable Benefits                                                          Keep for Your Records
Before you begin:
•   If you are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on 
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a.
•   Don’t use this worksheet if you repaid benefits in 2022 and your total repayments (box 4 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099) were 
    more than your gross benefits for 2022 (box 3 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099). None of your benefits are taxable for 2022. For 
    more information, see Repayments More Than Gross Benefits.
•   If you are filing Form 8815, Exclusion of Interest From Series EE and I U.S. Savings Bonds Issued After 1989, don’t include the amount 
    from line 2b of Form 1040 or 1040-SR on line 3 of this worksheet. Instead, include the amount from Schedule B (Form 1040), line 2.
 1. Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099. Also 
    enter this amount on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1. $5,600
 2. Multiply line 1 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            2. 2,800
 3. Combine the amounts from:
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, lines 1z, 2b, 3b, 4b, 5b, 7, and 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                             3. 29,750
 4. Enter the amount, if any, from Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 2a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                 4. -0-
 5. Enter the total of any exclusions/adjustments for:
    •  Adoption benefits (Form 8839, line 28),
    •  Foreign earned income or housing (Form 2555, lines 45 and 50), and
    •  Certain income of bona fide residents of American Samoa (Form 4563, line 15) or Puerto 
       Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5. -0-
 6. Combine lines 2, 3, 4, and 5 above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                 6. 32,550
 7.  Enter the total of the amounts from Schedule 1 (Form 1040), lines 11 through 20, and 23 and 25 . . . . . . .                                                    7. 1,000
 8. Is the amount on line 7 less than the amount on line 6? 
       No.     STOP  None of your social security benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6b.
       Yes.    Subtract line 7 from line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                     8. 31,550
 9. If you are:
    •  Married filing jointly, enter $32,000; or 
    •  Single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or married filing separately and you lived 
       apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter $25,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                             9. 32,000
    Note. If you are married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time in 2022, skip lines 9 
    through 16, multiply line 8 by 85% (0.85), and enter the result on line 17. Then, go to line 18.
10. Is the amount on line 9 less than the amount on line 8? 
       No.     STOP  None of your benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6b. If you 
                     are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, be 
                     sure you entered “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6a.
       Yes.    Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    10.  
11. Enter $12,000 if married filing jointly; $9,000 if single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or 
    married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                       11.  
12. Subtract line 11 from line 10. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                     12.  
13. Enter the smaller of line 10 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .               13.  
14. Multiply line 13 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            14.  
15. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .              15.  
16. Multiply line 12 by 85% (0.85). If line 12 is zero, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                       16.  
17. Add lines 15 and 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       17.  
18. Multiply line 1 by 85% (0.85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           18.  
19. Taxable benefits. Enter the smaller of line 17 or line 18. Also enter this amount on Form 1040 or 
    1040-SR, line 6b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      19.
                     If you received a lump-sum payment in 2022 that was for an earlier year, also 
    TIP              complete Worksheet 2 or 3 and Worksheet 4 to see if you can report a lower taxable 
                     benefit.

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The type and rule above prints on all proofs including departmental reproduction proofs. MUST be removed before printing.

Example 3. Joe and Betty Johnson file a joint return on Form 1040 for 2022. Joe is a retired railroad worker and in 2022 received 
the SSEB portion of tier 1 railroad retirement benefits. Joe's Form RRB-1099 shows $10,000 in box 5. Betty is a retired government 
worker and received a fully taxable pension of $38,000. They had $2,300 in taxable interest income plus interest of $200 on a 
qualified U.S. savings bond. The savings bond interest qualified for the exclusion. They figure their taxable benefits by completing 
Worksheet 1, shown below. Because they have qualified U.S. savings bond interest, they follow the note at the beginning of the 
worksheet and use the amount from line 2 of their Schedule B (Form 1040) on line 3 of the worksheet instead of the amount from 
line 2b of their Form 1040. On line 3 of the worksheet, they enter $40,500 ($38,000 + $2,500). More than 50% of Joe's net benefits 
are taxable because the income on line 8 of the worksheet ($45,500) is more than $44,000. (See Maximum taxable part under How 
Much Is Taxable, earlier.) Joe and Betty enter $10,000 on Form 1040, line 6a; and $6,275 on Form 1040, line 6b. 

Filled-in Worksheet 1. Figuring Your Taxable Benefits                                                          Keep for Your Records
Before you begin:
•   If you are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on 
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a.
•   Don’t use this worksheet if you repaid benefits in 2022 and your total repayments (box 4 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099) were 
    more than your gross benefits for 2022 (box 3 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099). None of your benefits are taxable for 2022. For 
    more information, see Repayments More Than Gross Benefits.
•   If you are filing Form 8815, Exclusion of Interest From Series EE and I U.S. Savings Bonds Issued After 1989, don’t include the amount 
    from line 2b of Form 1040 or 1040-SR on line 3 of this worksheet. Instead, include the amount from Schedule B (Form 1040), line 2.
 1. Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099. Also 
    enter this amount on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1. $10,000
 2. Multiply line 1 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           2. 5,000
 3. Combine the amounts from:
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, lines 1z, 2b, 3b, 4b, 5b, 7, and 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                            3. 40,500
 4. Enter the amount, if any, from Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 2a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                4. -0-
 5. Enter the total of any exclusions/adjustments for:
    • Adoption benefits (Form 8839, line 28),
    • Foreign earned income or housing (Form 2555, lines 45 and 50), and
    • Certain income of bona fide residents of American Samoa (Form 4563, line 15) or Puerto 
      Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5. -0-
 6. Combine lines 2, 3, 4, and 5 above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                6. 45,500
 7.  Enter the total of the amounts from Schedule 1 (Form 1040), lines 11 through 20, and 23 and 25 . . . . . . .                                                   7. -0-
 8. Is the amount on line 7 less than the amount on line 6? 
      No.      STOP  None of your social security benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6b.
      Yes.     Subtract line 7 from line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    8. 45,500
 9. If you are:
    • Married filing jointly, enter $32,000; or 
    • Single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or married filing separately and you lived 
      apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter $25,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                             9. 32,000
    Note. If you are married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time in 2022, skip lines 9 
    through 16, multiply line 8 by 85% (0.85), and enter the result on line 17. Then, go to line 18.
10. Is the amount on line 9 less than the amount on line 8? 
      No.      STOP  None of your benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6b. If you 
                     are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, be 
                     sure you entered “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6a.
      Yes.     Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                   10. 13,500
11. Enter $12,000 if married filing jointly; $9,000 if single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or 
    married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                      11. 12,000
12. Subtract line 11 from line 10. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    12. 1,500
13. Enter the smaller of line 10 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .              13. 12,000
14. Multiply line 13 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           14. 6,000
15. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .             15. 5,000
16. Multiply line 12 by 85% (0.85). If line 12 is zero, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                      16. 1,275
17. Add lines 15 and 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      17. 6,275
18. Multiply line 1 by 85% (0.85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          18. 8,500
19. Taxable benefits. Enter the smaller of line 17 or line 18. Also enter this amount on Form 1040 or 
    1040-SR, line 6b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     19. $6,275
                     If you received a lump-sum payment in 2022 that was for an earlier year, also 
    TIP              complete Worksheet 2 or 3 and Worksheet 4 to see if you can report a lower taxable 
                     benefit.

Publication 915 (2022)                                                                                                                                                     Page 9

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The type and rule above prints on all proofs including departmental reproduction proofs. MUST be removed before printing.

Example 4. Bill and Eileen Jones are married and live together, but file separate Form 1040 returns for 2022. Bill 
earned $8,000 during 2022. The only other income he had for the year was $4,000 net social security benefits (box 5 
of his Form SSA-1099). Bill figures his taxable benefits by completing Worksheet 1, shown below. He must include 
85% of his social security benefits in his taxable income because he is married filing separately and lived with his 
spouse during 2022. See How Much Is Taxable, earlier. Bill enters $4,000 on his Form 1040, line 6a; and $3,400 on 
Form 1040, line 6b.

Filled-in Worksheet 1. Figuring Your Taxable Benefits                                                       Keep for Your Records
Before you begin:
•   If you are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on 
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a.
•   Don’t use this worksheet if you repaid benefits in 2022 and your total repayments (box 4 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099) were 
    more than your gross benefits for 2022 (box 3 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099). None of your benefits are taxable for 2022. For 
    more information, see Repayments More Than Gross Benefits.
•   If you are filing Form 8815, Exclusion of Interest From Series EE and I U.S. Savings Bonds Issued After 1989, don’t include the amount 
    from line 2b of Form 1040 or 1040-SR on line 3 of this worksheet. Instead, include the amount from Schedule B (Form 1040), line 2.
 1. Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099. 
    Also enter this amount on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1. $4,000
 2. Multiply line 1 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           2. 2,000
 3. Combine the amounts from:
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, lines 1z, 2b, 3b, 4b, 5b, 7, and 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                            3. 8,000
 4. Enter the amount, if any, from Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 2a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                4. -0-
 5. Enter the total of any exclusions/adjustments for:
    • Adoption benefits (Form 8839, line 28),
    • Foreign earned income or housing (Form 2555, lines 45 and 50), and
    • Certain income of bona fide residents of American Samoa (Form 4563, line 15) or Puerto 
      Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5. -0-
 6. Combine lines 2, 3, 4, and 5 above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                6. 10,000
 7.  Enter the total of the amounts from Schedule 1 (Form 1040), lines 11 through 20, and 23 and 25  . . . . . .                                                    7. -0-
 8. Is the amount on line 7 less than the amount on line 6? 
        No.    STOP  None of your social security benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6b.
        Yes.   Subtract line 7 from line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    8. 10,000
 9. If you are:
    • Married filing jointly, enter $32,000; or 
    • Single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or married filing separately and you lived 
      apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter $25,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                             9.  
    Note. If you are married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time in 2022, skip lines 9 
    through 16, multiply line 8 by 85% (0.85), and enter the result on line 17. Then, go to line 18.
10. Is the amount on line 9 less than the amount on line 8? 
        No.    STOP  None of your benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6b. If you 
                     are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, be 
                     sure you entered “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6a.
        Yes.   Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                   10.  
11. Enter $12,000 if married filing jointly; $9,000 if single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or 
    married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                      11.  
12. Subtract line 11 from line 10. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    12.  
13. Enter the smaller of line 10 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .              13.  
14. Multiply line 13 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           14.  
15. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .             15.  
16. Multiply line 12 by 85% (0.85). If line 12 is zero, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                      16.  
17. Add lines 15 and 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      17. 8,500
18. Multiply line 1 by 85% (0.85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          18. 3,400
19. Taxable benefits. Enter the smaller of line 17 or line 18. Also enter this amount on Form 1040 or 
    1040-SR, line 6b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     19. $3,400
                     If you received a lump-sum payment in 2022 that was for an earlier year, also 
    TIP              complete Worksheet 2 or 3 and Worksheet 4 to see if you can report a lower taxable 
                     benefit.

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instructions at the bottom of Worksheet 4. Don’t attach the
completed worksheets to your return. Keep them with
Lump-Sum Election your records.
You must include the taxable part of a lump-sum (retroac- Once you elect this method of figuring the taxable
tive) payment of benefits received in 2022 in your 2022 in- ! part of a lump-sum payment, you can revoke your
come, even if the payment includes benefits for an earlier CAUTION election only with the consent of the IRS.
year.
Check the box on line 6c if you elect to use the Lump-sum payment reported on Form SSA-1099 or
TIP lump-sum election method for your benefits. If any RRB-1099. If you received a lump-sum payment in 2022
of your benefits are taxable for 2022 and they in- that includes benefits for one or more earlier years after
clude a lump-sum benefit payment that was for an earlier 1983, it will be included in box 3 of either Form SSA-1099
year, you may be able to to reduce the taxable amount or Form RRB-1099. That part of any lump-sum payment
with the lump-sum election. for years before 1984 isn’t taxed and won’t be shown on
the form. The form will also show the year (or years) the
This type of lump-sum benefit payment shouldn’t payment is for. However, Form RRB-1099 will not show a
TIP be confused with the lump-sum death benefit that breakdown by year (or years) of any lump-sum payment
both the SSA and RRB pay to many of their bene- for years before 2017. You must contact the RRB for a
ficiaries. No part of the lump-sum death benefit is subject breakdown by year for any amount shown in box 9.
to tax.
Example
Generally, you use your 2022 income to figure the taxa-
ble part of the total benefits received in 2022. However, Jane Jackson is single. In 2021, she applied for social se-
you may be able to figure the taxable part of a lump-sum curity disability benefits but was told she was ineligible.
payment for an earlier year separately, using your income She appealed the decision and won. In 2022, she re-
for the earlier year. You can elect this method if it lowers ceived a lump-sum payment of $6,000, of which $2,000
your taxable benefits. was for 2021 and $4,000 was for 2022. Jane also re-
ceived $5,000 in social security benefits in 2022, so her
Under the lump-sum election method, you refigure the total benefits in 2022 were $11,000. Jane's other income
taxable part of all your benefits for the earlier year (includ- for 2021 and 2022 is as follows.
ing the lump-sum payment) using that year's income.
Then, you subtract any taxable benefits for that year that Income 2021 2022
you previously reported. The remainder is the taxable part
Wages $20,000 $3,500
of the lump-sum payment. Add it to the taxable part of Interest income 2,000 2,500
your benefits for 2022 (figured without the lump-sum pay- Dividend income 1,000 1,500
ment for the earlier year). Fully taxable pension 18,000
Because the earlier year's taxable benefits are in- Total $23,000 $25,500

CAUTION made to the earlier year's return. Don’t file an
! cluded in your 2022 income, no adjustment is To see if the lump-sum election method results in lower
amended return for the earlier year. taxable benefits, she completes Worksheets 1, 2, and 4
from this publication. She doesn’t need to complete Work-
Will the lump-sum election method lower your taxa- sheet 3 because her lump-sum payment was for years af-
ble benefits? To find out, take the following steps. ter 1993.
1. Complete Worksheet 1 in this publication. Jane completes Worksheet 1 to find the amount of her
taxable benefits for 2022 under the regular method. She
2. Complete Worksheet 2 and Worksheet 3, as appro- completes Worksheet 2 to find the taxable part of the
priate. Use Worksheet 2 if your lump-sum payment lump-sum payment for 2021 under the lump-sum election
was for a year after 1993. Use Worksheet 3 if it was method. She completes Worksheet 4 to decide if the
for 1993 or an earlier year. Complete a separate lump-sum election method will lower her taxable benefits.
Worksheet 2 or Worksheet 3 for each earlier year for
which you received the lump-sum payment. After completing the worksheets, Jane compares the
amounts from Worksheet 4, line 21; and Worksheet 1,
3. Complete Worksheet 4. line 19. Because the amount on Worksheet 4 is smaller,
4. Compare the taxable benefits on line 19 of Worksheet she chooses to use the lump-sum election method. To do
1 with the taxable benefits on line 21 of Worksheet 4. this, she prints “LSE” to the left of Form 1040 or 1040-SR,
line 6a. She then enters $11,000 on Form 1040 or
If the taxable benefits on Worksheet 4 are lower than the 1040-SR, line 6a, and her taxable benefits of $2,500 on
taxable benefits on Worksheet 1, you can elect to report line 6b.
the lower amount on your return.
Jane's filled-in worksheets (1, 2, and 4) follow.
Making the election. If you elect to report your taxable
benefits under the lump-sum election method, follow the

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Jane Jackson's Filled-in Worksheet 1. Figuring Your Taxable 
Benefits                                                                                                    Keep for Your Records
Before you begin:
•   If you are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on 
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a.
•   Don’t use this worksheet if you repaid benefits in 2022 and your total repayments (box 4 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099) were 
    more than your gross benefits for 2022 (box 3 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099). None of your benefits are taxable for 2022. For 
    more information, see Repayments More Than Gross Benefits.
•   If you are filing Form 8815, Exclusion of Interest From Series EE and I U.S. Savings Bonds Issued After 1989, don’t include the amount 
    from line 2b of Form 1040 or 1040-SR on line 3 of this worksheet. Instead, include the amount from Schedule B (Form 1040), line 2.
 1. Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099. 
    Also enter this amount on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1. $11,000
 2. Multiply line 1 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           2. 5,500
 3. Combine the amounts from:
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, lines 1z, 2b, 3b, 4b, 5b, 7, and 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                            3. 25,500
 4. Enter the amount, if any, from Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 2a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                4. -0-
 5. Enter the total of any exclusions/adjustments for:
    • Adoption benefits (Form 8839, line 28),
    • Foreign earned income or housing (Form 2555, lines 45 and 50), and
    • Certain income of bona fide residents of American Samoa (Form 4563, line 15) or Puerto 
      Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5. -0-
 6. Combine lines 2, 3, 4, and 5 above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                6. 31,000
 7.  Enter the total of the amounts from Schedule 1 (Form 1040), lines 11 through 20, and 23 and 25 . . . . . . .                                                   7. -0-
 8. Is the amount on line 7 less than the amount on line 6? 
        No.    STOP  None of your social security benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6b.
        Yes.   Subtract line 7 from line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    8. 31,000
 9. If you are:
    • Married filing jointly, enter $32,000; or
    • Single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or married filing separately and you lived 
      apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter $25,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                             9. 25,000
    Note. If you are married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time in 2022, skip lines 9 
    through 16, multiply line 8 by 85% (0.85), and enter the result on line 17. Then, go to line 18.
10. Is the amount on line 9 less than the amount on line 8? 
        No.    STOP  None of your benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6b. If you 
                     are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, be 
                     sure you entered “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6a.
        Yes.   Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                   10. 6,000
11. Enter $12,000 if married filing jointly; $9,000 if single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or 
    married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                      11. 9,000
12. Subtract line 11 from line 10. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    12. -0-
13. Enter the smaller of line 10 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .              13. 6,000
14. Multiply line 13 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           14. 3,000
15. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .             15. 3,000
16. Multiply line 12 by 85% (0.85). If line 12 is zero, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                      16. -0-
17. Add lines 15 and 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      17. 3,000
18. Multiply line 1 by 85% (0.85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          18. 9,350
19. Taxable benefits. Enter the smaller of line 17 or line 18. Also enter this amount on Form 1040 or 
    1040-SR, line 6b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     19. $3,000
                     If you received a lump-sum payment in 2022 that was for an earlier year, also 
    TIP              complete Worksheet 2 or 3 and Worksheet 4 to see if you can report a lower taxable 
                     benefit.

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Jane Jackson's Filled-in Worksheet 2.             Figure Your Additional 
Taxable Benefits (From a Lump-Sum Payment for a Year 
After 1993)                                                                                             Keep for Your Records
               
Enter earlier year    2021

 1. Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099 for the earlier 
    year, plus the lump-sum payment for the earlier year received after that year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1. $2,000
    Note. If line 1 is zero or less, skip lines 2 through 20 and enter -0- on line 21. Otherwise, go to 
    line 2.
 2. Multiply line 1 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                2. 1,000
 3. Enter your adjusted gross income for the earlier year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                              3. 23,000
 4. Enter the total of any exclusions/adjustments you claimed in the earlier year for:
    • Adoption benefits (Form 8839),
    • Qualified U.S. savings bond interest (Form 8815),
    • Student loan interest (Schedule 1 (Form 1040), line 21),
    • Foreign earned income or housing (Form 2555), and
    • Certain income of bona fide residents of American Samoa (Form 4563) or Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                         4. -0-
 5. Enter any tax-exempt interest received in the earlier year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                               5. -0-
 6. Add lines 2 through 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            6. 24,000
 7. Enter your taxable benefits for the earlier year that you previously reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                        7. -0-
 8. Subtract line 7 from line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            8. 24,000
 9. If, for the earlier year, you were:
    • Married filing jointly, enter $32,000; or
    • Single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, married filing separately and you lived apart from 
      your spouse for all of the earlier year, enter $25,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                 9. 25,000
    Note. If you were married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time during the earlier year, skip 
    lines 9 through 16, multiply line 8 by 85% (0.85), and enter the result on line 17. Then, go to line 18.
10. Is the amount on line 8 more than the amount on line 9?
      No.    Skip lines 10 through 20 and enter -0- on line 21.
      Yes.   Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  10.  
11. Enter $12,000 if married filing jointly for the earlier year; $9,000 if single, head of household, qualifying surviving 
    spouse, or married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of the earlier year  . . . . . . . . . . .                                                    11.  
12. Subtract line 11 from line 10. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                         12.  
13. Enter the smaller of line 10 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                   13.  
14. Multiply line 13 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                14.  
15. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  15.  
16. Multiply line 12 by 85% (0.85). If line 12 is zero, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                           16.  
17. Add lines 15 and 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           17.  
18. Multiply line 1 by 85% (0.85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .               18.  
19. Refigured taxable benefits. Enter the smaller of line 17 or line 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                       19.  
20. Enter your taxable benefits for the earlier year (or as refigured due to a previous lump-sum payment for the 
    year) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.  
21. Additional taxable benefits. Subtract line 20 from line 19. Also enter this amount on Worksheet 
    4, line 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    21. -0-

                   Don’t file an amended return for this earlier year. Complete a separate Worksheet 2 or Worksheet 3 for each 
    CAUTION!       earlier year for which you received a lump-sum payment in 2022.

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Jane Jackson's Filled-in Worksheet 4.             Figure Your Taxable 
Benefits Under the Lump-Sum Election Method (Use With 
Worksheet 2 or 3)                                                                                                      Keep for Your Records
               
Complete Worksheet 1 and Worksheets 2 and 3 as appropriate before completing this worksheet.
 1. Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099 for 2022, 
    minus the lump-sum payment for years before 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1. $9,000
    Note. If line 1 is zero or less, skip lines 2 through 18, enter -0- on line 19, and go to line 20. 
    Otherwise, go to line 2.
 2. Multiply line 1 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        2. 4,500
 3. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  3. 25,500
 4. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  4. -0-
 5. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  5. -0-
 6. Combine lines 2, 3, 4, and 5 above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .             6. 30,000
 7. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  7. -0-
 8. Subtract line 7 from line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    8. 30,000
 9. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 9. But if you are married filing separately and lived with your spouse 
    at any time during 2022, skip lines 9 through 16, multiply line 8 by 85% (0.85), and enter the result on line 17. 
    Then, go to line 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9. 25,000
10. Is the amount on line 8 more than the amount on line 9?
     No.  Skip lines 10 through 18, enter -0- on line 19, and go to line 20.
     Yes. Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .             10. 5,000
11. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  11. 9,000
12. Subtract line 11 from line 10. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                 12. -0-
13. Enter the smaller of line 10 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           13. 5,000
14. Multiply line 13 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        14. 2,500
15. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          15. 2,500
16. Multiply line 12 by 85% (0.85). If line 12 is zero, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                   16. -0-
17. Add lines 15 and 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   17. 2,500
18. Multiply line 1 by 85% (0.85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       18. 7,650
19. Enter the smaller of line 17 or line 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           19. 2,500
20. Enter the total of the amounts from Worksheet 2, line 21, and Worksheet 3, line 14, for all earlier years for 
    which the lump-sum payment was received . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                     20. -0-
21. Taxable benefits under lump-sum election method. Add lines 19 and 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                            21. $2,500
Next. Is line 21 above smaller than Worksheet 1, line 19?
 No.  Don’t use this method to figure your taxable benefits. Follow the instructions on Worksheet 1 to report your benefits.
 Yes.   You can elect to report your taxable benefits under this method. To elect this method:
         1. Enter “LSE” to the left of Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a.
         2. If line 21 above is zero, follow the instructions on line 10 for “No” on Worksheet 1. Otherwise: 
              a. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 1, on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a. 
              b. Enter the amount from line 21 above on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6b.
              c. If you are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter “D” to the right of 
               the word “benefits” on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a.

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SSA-1099 and RRB-1099 is a negative figure, you may be
able to deduct part of this negative figure that represents
Deductions Related to Your benefits you included in gross income in an earlier year, if
the figure is more than $3,000. If the figure is $3,000 or
Benefits
less, it is a miscellaneous itemized deduction and can no
longer be deducted.
You may be entitled to deduct certain amounts related to
the benefits you receive. Deduction more than $3,000. If this deduction is
more than $3,000, you should figure your tax two ways.
Disability payments. You may have received disability
payments from your employer or an insurance company 1. Figure your tax for 2022 with the itemized deduction
that you included as income on your tax return in an ear- included on Schedule A (Form 1040), line 16.
lier year. If you received a lump-sum payment from the 2. Figure your tax for 2022 in the following steps.
SSA or RRB, and you had to repay the employer or insur-
ance company for the disability payments, you can take a. Figure the tax without the itemized deduction in-
an itemized deduction for the part of the payments you in- cluded on Schedule A (Form 1040), line 16.
cluded in gross income in the earlier year. If the amount b. For each year after 1983 for which part of the neg-
you repay is more than $3,000, you may be able to claim a ative figure represents a repayment of benefits, re-
tax credit instead. Claim the deduction or credit in the figure your taxable benefits as if your total benefits
same way explained under Repayment of benefits re- for the year were reduced by that part of the nega-
ceived in an earlier year under Repayments More Than tive figure. Then, refigure the tax for that year.
Gross Benefits next.
c. Subtract the total of the refigured tax amounts in
(b) from the total of your actual tax amounts.
Repayments More Than Gross
Benefits d. Subtract the result in (c) from the result in (a).
Compare the tax figured in methods 1 and 2. Your tax
In some situations, your Form SSA-1099 or Form
for 2022 is the smaller of the two amounts. If method 1 re-
RRB-1099 will show that the total benefits you repaid
sults in less tax, take the itemized deduction on Sched-
(box 4) are more than the gross benefits (box 3) you re-
ule A (Form 1040), line 16. If method 2 results in less tax,
ceived. If this occurred, your net benefits in box 5 will be a
claim a credit for the amount from step 2c above on
negative figure (a figure in parentheses) and none of your
Schedule 3 (Form 1040), line 13z. Enter “I.R.C. 1341” on
benefits will be taxable. Don’t use Worksheet 1 in this
the entry line. If both methods produce the same tax, de-
case. If you receive more than one form, a negative figure
duct the repayment on Schedule A (Form 1040), line 16.
in box 5 of one form is used to offset a positive figure in
box 5 of another form for that same year.
If you have any questions about this negative figure,
contact your local SSA office or your local RRB field Worksheets
office.
Blank Worksheets 1 through 4 are provided in this sec-
Joint return. If you and your spouse file a joint return, tion.
and your Form SSA-1099 or RRB-1099 has a negative 1. Worksheet 1, Figuring Your Taxable Benefits.
figure in box 5, but your spouse's doesn’t, subtract the
amount in box 5 of your form from the amount in box 5 of 2. Worksheet 2, Figure Your Additional Taxable Benefits
your spouse's form. You do this to get your net benefits (From a Lump-Sum Payment for a Year After 1993).
when figuring if your combined benefits are taxable.
3. Worksheet 3, Figure Your Additional Taxable Benefits
Example. John and Mary file a joint return for 2022. (From a Lump-Sum Payment for a Year Before 1994).
John received Form SSA-1099 showing $3,000 in box 5. 4. Worksheet 4, Figure Your Taxable Benefits Under the
Mary also received Form SSA-1099 and the amount in Lump-Sum Election Method (Use With Worksheet 2
box 5 was ($500). John and Mary will use $2,500 ($3,000 or 3).
minus $500) as the amount of their net benefits when fig-
uring if any of their combined benefits are taxable.

Repayment of benefits received in an earlier year. If
the total amount shown in box 5 of all of your Forms

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Worksheet 1. Figuring Your Taxable Benefits                                                                 Keep for Your Records
Before you begin:
•   If you are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on 
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a.
•   Don’t use this worksheet if you repaid benefits in 2022 and your total repayments (box 4 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099) were 
    more than your gross benefits for 2022 (box 3 of Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099). None of your benefits are taxable for 2022. For 
    more information, see Repayments More Than Gross Benefits.
•   If you are filing Form 8815, Exclusion of Interest From Series EE and I U.S. Savings Bonds Issued After 1989, don’t include the amount 
    from line 2b of Form 1040 or 1040-SR on line 3 of this worksheet. Instead, include the amount from Schedule B (Form 1040), line 2.
 1. Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099. 
    Also enter this amount on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1.  
 2. Multiply line 1 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           2.  
 3. Combine the amounts from:
    Form 1040 or 1040-SR, lines 1z, 2b, 3b, 4b, 5b, 7, and 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                            3.  
 4. Enter the amount, if any, from Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 2a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                4.  
 5. Enter the total of any exclusions/adjustments for:
    • Adoption benefits (Form 8839, line 28),
    • Foreign earned income or housing (Form 2555, lines 45 and 50), and
    • Certain income of bona fide residents of American Samoa (Form 4563, line 15) or Puerto 
      Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5.  
 6. Combine lines 2, 3, 4, and 5 above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                6.  
 7.  Enter the total of the amounts from Schedule 1 (Form 1040), lines 11 through 20, and 23 and 25 . . . . . . .                                                   7.  
 8. Is the amount on line 7 less than the amount on line 6? 
        No.    STOP  None of your social security benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6b.
        Yes.   Subtract line 7 from line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    8.  
 9. If you are:
    • Married filing jointly, enter $32,000; or
    • Single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or married filing separately and you lived 
      apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter $25,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                             9.  
    Note. If you are married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time in 2022, skip lines 9 
    through 16, multiply line 8 by 85% (0.85), and enter the result on line 17. Then, go to line 18.
10. Is the amount on line 9 less than the amount on line 8? 
        No.    STOP  None of your benefits are taxable. Enter -0- on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6b. If you 
                     are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, be 
                     sure you entered “D” to the right of the word “benefits” on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, 
                     line 6a.
        Yes.   Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                   10.  
11. Enter $12,000 if married filing jointly; $9,000 if single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, or 
    married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                      11.  
12. Subtract line 11 from line 10. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    12.  
13. Enter the smaller of line 10 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .              13.  
14. Multiply line 13 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           14.  
15. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .             15.  
16. Multiply line 12 by 85% (0.85). If line 12 is zero, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                      16.  
17. Add lines 15 and 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      17.  
18. Multiply line 1 by 85% (0.85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          18.  
19. Taxable benefits. Enter the smaller of line 17 or line 18. Also enter this amount on Form 1040 or 
    1040-SR, line 6b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     19.
                     If you received a lump-sum payment in 2022 that was for an earlier year, also 
    TIP              complete Worksheet 2 or 3 and Worksheet 4 to see if you can report a lower taxable 
                     benefit.

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Worksheet 2.   Figure Your Additional Taxable Benefits 
(From a Lump-Sum Payment for a Year After 1993)                                                         Keep for Your Records
               
Enter earlier year    

 1. Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099 for the earlier 
    year, plus the lump-sum payment for the earlier year received after that year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1.  
    Note. If line 1 is zero or less, skip lines 2 through 20 and enter -0- on line 21. Otherwise, go to 
    line 2.
 2. Multiply line 1 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                2.  
 3. Enter your adjusted gross income for the earlier year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                              3.  
 4. Enter the total of any exclusions/adjustments you claimed in the earlier year for:
    • Adoption benefits (Form 8839),
    • Qualified U.S. savings bond interest (Form 8815),
    • Student loan interest (for 2020, 2019, and 2018, Schedule 1 (Form 1040); for years before 2018, Form 1040 
      or Form 1040A, page 1),
    • Tuition and fees (for 2020, 2019, and 2018, Schedule 1 (Form 1040); for years before 2018, Form 1040 or 
      Form 1040A, page 1),
    • Domestic production activities (for 2005 through 2017) (Form 1040, page 1),
    • Foreign earned income or housing (Form 2555 or Form 2555-EZ), and
    • Certain income of bona fide residents of American Samoa (Form 4563) or Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                         4.  
 5. Enter any tax-exempt interest received in the earlier year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                               5.  
 6. Add lines 2 through 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            6.  
 7. Enter your taxable benefits for the earlier year that you previously reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                        7.  
 8. Subtract line 7 from line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            8.  
 9. If, for the earlier year, you were:
    • Married filing jointly, enter $32,000; or
    • Single, head of household, qualifying surviving spouse, married filing separately and you lived apart from 
      your spouse for all of the earlier year, enter $25,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                 9.  
    Note. If you were married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time during the earlier year, skip 
    lines 9 through 16, multiply line 8 by 85% (0.85), and enter the result on line 17. Then, go to line 18.
10. Is the amount on line 8 more than the amount on line 9?
      No.    Skip lines 10 through 20 and enter -0- on line 21.
      Yes.   Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  10.  
11. Enter $12,000 if married filing jointly for the earlier year; $9,000 if single, head of household, qualifying surviving 
    spouse, or married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of the earlier year  . . . . . . . . . . .                                                    11.  
12. Subtract line 11 from line 10. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                         12.  
13. Enter the smaller of line 10 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                   13.  
14. Multiply line 13 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                14.  
15. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  15.  
16. Multiply line 12 by 85% (0.85). If line 12 is zero, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                           16.  
17. Add lines 15 and 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           17.  
18. Multiply line 1 by 85% (0.85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .               18.  
19. Refigured taxable benefits. Enter the smaller of line 17 or line 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                       19.  
20. Enter your taxable benefits for the earlier year (or as refigured due to a previous lump-sum payment for the 
    year) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.  
21. Additional taxable benefits. Subtract line 20 from line 19. Also enter this amount on Worksheet 
    4, line 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    21.  

                   Don’t file an amended return for this earlier year. Complete a separate Worksheet 2 or Worksheet 3 for each 
    CAUTION!       earlier year for which you received a lump-sum payment in 2022.

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Worksheet 3. Figure Your Additional Taxable Benefits 
(From a Lump-Sum Payment for a Year Before 1994)                                                        Keep for Your Records
Enter earlier year  

 1. Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099 for the earlier 
    year, plus the lump-sum payment for the earlier year received after that year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1.  
    Note. If line 1 is zero or less, skip lines 2 through 13 and enter -0- on line 14. Otherwise, go to 
    line 2.
 2. Multiply line 1 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                2.  
 3. Enter your adjusted gross income for the earlier year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                              3.  
 4. Enter the total of any exclusions/adjustments you claimed in the earlier year for:
    •   Qualified U.S. savings bond interest (Form 8815),
    •   Foreign earned income or housing (Form 2555 or Form 2555-EZ), and
    •   Certain income of bona fide residents of American Samoa (Form 4563) or Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                         4.  
 5. Enter any tax-exempt interest received in the earlier year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                               5.  
 6. Add lines 2 through 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            6.  
 7. Enter your taxable benefits for the earlier year that you previously reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                        7.  
 8. Subtract line 7 from line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            8.  
 9. Enter $25,000 ($32,000 if married filing jointly for the earlier year; -0- if married filing separately for the earlier 
    year and you lived with your spouse at any time during the earlier year) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                       9.  
10. Is the amount on line 8 more than the amount on line 9?
      No.    Skip lines 10 through 13 and enter -0- on line 14.
      Yes.   Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  10.  
11. Multiply line 10 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                11.  
12. Refigured taxable benefits. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                      12.  
13. Enter your taxable benefits for the earlier year (or as refigured due to a previous lump-sum payment for the 
    year) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.  
14. Additional taxable benefits. Subtract line 13 from line 12. Also enter this amount on Worksheet 
    4, line 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    14.  

                   Don’t file an amended return for this earlier year. Complete a separate Worksheet 2 or Worksheet 3 for each 
    CAUTION!       earlier year for which you received a lump-sum payment in 2022.

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Worksheet 4.  Figure Your Taxable Benefits Under the 
Lump-Sum Election Method (Use With Worksheet 2 or 3)                                                                   Keep for Your Records
 
Complete Worksheet 1 and Worksheets 2 and 3 as appropriate before completing this worksheet.
 1. Enter the total amount from box 5 of ALL your Forms SSA-1099 and RRB-1099 for 2022, 
    minus the lump-sum payment for years before 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1.  
    Note. If line 1 is zero or less, skip lines 2 through 18, enter -0- on line 19, and go to line 20. 
    Otherwise, go to line 2.
 2. Multiply line 1 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        2.  
 3. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  3.  
 4. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  4.  
 5. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  5.  
 6. Combine lines 2, 3, 4, and 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       6.  
 7. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  7.  
 8. Subtract line 7 from line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    8.  
 9. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 9. But if you are married filing separately and lived with your spouse 
    at any time during 2022, skip lines 9 through 16, multiply line 8 by 85% (0.85), and enter the result on line 17. 
    Then, go to line 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9.  
10. Is the amount on line 8 more than the amount on line 9?
     No.  Skip lines 10 through 18, enter -0- on line 19, and go to line 20.
     Yes. Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .             10.  
11. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  11.  
12. Subtract line 11 from line 10. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                 12.  
13. Enter the smaller of line 10 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           13.  
14. Multiply line 13 by 50% (0.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        14.  
15. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          15.  
16. Multiply line 12 by 85% (0.85). If line 12 is zero, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                   16.  
17. Add lines 15 and 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   17.  
18. Multiply line 1 by 85% (0.85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       18.  
19. Enter the smaller of line 17 or line 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           19.  
20. Enter the total of the amounts from Worksheet 2, line 21, and Worksheet 3, line 14, for all earlier years for 
    which the lump-sum payment was received . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                     20.  
21. Taxable benefits under lump-sum election method. Add lines 19 and 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                            21.  
Next. Is line 21 above smaller than Worksheet 1, line 19?
 No.  Don’t use this method to figure your taxable benefits. Follow the instructions on Worksheet 1 to report your benefits.
 Yes. You can elect to report your taxable benefits under this method. To elect this method:
         1. Enter “LSE” to the left of Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a.
         2. If line 21 above is zero, follow the instructions on line 10 for “No” on Worksheet 1. Otherwise: 
              a. Enter the amount from Worksheet 1, line 1, on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a. 
              b. Enter the amount from line 21 above on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6b.
              c. If you are married filing separately and you lived apart from your spouse for all of 2022, enter “D” to the right of 
              the word “benefits” on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 6a.

Publication 915 (2022)                                                                                                                                                        Page 19

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this form. It contains a worksheet to help you figure if any
of your benefits are taxable. Don’t mail Notice 703 to ei-
Appendix ther the IRS or the SSA.
This appendix explains items shown on Form SSA-1099
and Form RRB-1099. Forms SSA-1042S and Box 1—Name
RRB-1042S, for nonresident aliens, contain the same
items plus a few additional ones. These are also ex- The name shown in this box refers to the person for whom
plained. the social security benefits shown on the statement were
paid. If you received benefits for yourself, your name will
The illustrated versions of Form SSA-1099, be shown.
! SSA-1042S, RRB-1099, and RRB-1042S in this
CAUTION appendix are proof copies of the forms as they
Box 2—Beneficiary's Social Security
appeared when this publication went to print. The informa-
Number
tion on the illustrated forms should essentially be the
same as the information on the form you received from ei-
This is the U.S. social security number, if known, of the
ther the SSA or the RRB. You should, however, compare
person named in box 1.
the form you received with the one shown in this publica-
tion to note any differences. In all your correspondence with the SSA, be sure
TIP to use the claim number shown in box 8.

Form SSA-1099, Social Security
Benefit Statement 2022 Box 3—Benefits Paid in 2022

Every person who received social security benefits will re- The figure shown in this box is the total benefits paid in
ceive a Form SSA-1099. If you receive benefits on more 2022 to you (the person named in box 1). This figure may
than one social security record, you may get more than not agree with the amounts you actually received because
one Form SSA-1099. IRS Notice 703 will be enclosed with adjustments may have been made to your benefits before

FORM SSA-1099 – SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFIT STATEMENT
• PART OF YOUR SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS SHOWN IN BOX 5 MAY BE TAXABLE INCOME.
2022 • SEE THE REVERSE FOR MORE INFORMATION.
Box 1. Name Box 2. Beneficiary’s Social Security Number

Box 3. Benefits Paid in 2022 Box 4. Benefits Repaid to SSA in 2022 Box 5. Net Benefits for 2022 (Box 3 minus Box 4)

DESCRIPTION OF AMOUNT IN BOX 3 DESCRIPTION OF AMOUNT IN BOX 4

Box 6. Voluntary Federal Income Tax Withheld

Box 7. Address

SAMPLE
Box 8. Claim Number (Use this number if you need to contact SSA.)

Form SSA-1099-SM (1-2023) DO NOT RETURN THIS FORM TO SSA OR IRS

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you received them. An asterisk (*) after the figure shown Paid to another family member. This entry shows
in this box means that it includes benefits received in 2022 total payments withheld from your benefits if you are re-
for one or more earlier years. quired to pay child support or alimony.
Deductions for work or other adjustments.
Description of Amount in Box 3 Amounts withheld from your benefits because of work or
to recover an overpayment of any type of benefit are ben-
This part of the form describes the items included in the
efits paid to you and will be shown here. They may also be
amount shown in box 3. It lists the benefits paid and any
treated as benefits repaid to the SSA and included in the
adjustments made. Only the adjustments that apply to you
amount in box 4.
will be shown. If no adjustments were made to the bene-
fits paid, the word “none” will be shown. Attorney fees. If you had an attorney handle your so-
cial security claim, the figure shown here is the fee with-
Paid by check or direct deposit. This is the amount held from your benefits and paid directly to your attorney.
you actually received or that was deposited directly into
your account in a financial institution in 2022. Voluntary federal income tax withheld. This shows
the total amount of federal income tax withheld from your
Additions. The following adjustment items may have benefits. Include this amount on your income tax return as
been deducted from your benefits in 2022. If amounts ap- tax withheld.
pear on your Form SSA-1099 next to these items, they will
Treasury benefit payment offset, garnishment,
be added to the amount shown in “Paid by check or direct
and/or tax levy. Part of your Title II Social Security bene-
deposit.”
fit may be withheld on behalf of the Treasury Department
Don’t reduce the amount of net social security to recover debts you owe to other federal agencies; part of
TIP benefits (box 5) by any of the items listed below. your Title II Social Security benefits may be withheld to
Use the amount in box 5 to figure taxable social pay child support, alimony, or court-ordered victim restitu-
security. tion; and/or part of your Title II Social Security benefits
may be withheld to pay your debt to the IRS.
Medicare premiums deducted from your benefits.
If you have Medicare premiums deducted from your bene- Total additions. The figure shown here is the sum of the
fits, this is the amount withheld during 2022. The basic amounts paid by check or direct deposit plus all the addi-
monthly premium in 2022 was $170.10 for most people, tions described previously.
but it could be higher if you were a new enrollee in 2022,
you enrolled after you were first eligible, you had a break Subtractions. The following adjustment items may have
in coverage, or the modified adjusted gross income been included in the payments you received in 2022. If
shown on your 2020 federal income tax return is greater amounts appear on your Form SSA-1099 next to these
than $91,000 ($182,000 if married filing jointly). items, they will be subtracted from the figure in Total Addi-
Medicare Part C, Medicare Advantage Premium; and tions.
Medicare Part D, Prescription Drug Premium, are other Payments for months before December 1983. The
Medicare deductions you may have. These premiums figure shown here is the amount of benefits you received
may vary. in 2022 that was for months before December 1983.
Workers' compensation offset. If you are disabled These benefits aren’t taxable no matter when they are
and receive workers' compensation or Part C Black Lung paid.
payments, your benefits are subject to a payment limit. An Lump-sum death payment. The lump-sum death
entry will be shown here if your benefits were reduced to payment isn’t subject to tax. An entry here means you re-
stay within this limit. An entry will also be shown here if ceived this kind of payment in 2022.
your benefits were reduced because the person on whose
social security record you were paid is disabled and also Amounts refunded to you. The amount shown here
received workers' compensation or Part C Black Lung may include Medicare premiums you paid in excess of the
payments. amount actually due. It may also include amounts withheld
in 2022 to pay your attorney in excess of the fee actually
Disability payments (including Social Security Dis- paid.
ability Insurance (SSDI) payments). These payments
are generally not included in income if they are for injuries Nontaxable payments. This entry shows nontaxable
incurred as a direct result of a terrorist attack directed payments such as lump-sum death payments.
against the United States or its allies. If these payments Amounts paid to you for other family members.
are incorrectly reported as taxable on Form SSA-1099, This entry shows benefit payments paid to you on behalf
don't include the nontaxable portion of income on your tax of a minor child or disabled adult.
return. You may receive a notice from the IRS regarding
the omitted payments. Follow the instructions in the notice Total subtractions. The figure shown here is the sum of
to explain that the excluded payments aren't taxable. For all the subtractions described previously.
more information about these payments, see Pub. 3920,
Tax Relief for Victims of Terrorist Attacks.

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Benefits for 2022. The amount shown here is the result Other repayments. This is the amount you repaid to the
of subtracting the figure in Total subtractions, earlier, from SSA by direct remittance.
the figure in Total additions, earlier. This amount is the
same as that shown in box 3. Benefits repaid to the SSA in 2022. The amount
shown here is the sum of all your repayments. This total is
*Box 3 includes $ paid in 2022 for 2021, 2020, the same as that shown in box 4.
and other tax years. The figure shown here is the
amount of any lump-sum benefit payment received in Box 5—Net Benefits for 2022 (Box 3 minus
2022 that is for an earlier year after 1983. See Lump-Sum Box 4)
Election, earlier, for a full discussion on how these pay-
ments are handled. The figure in this box is the net benefits paid to you for the
year. It is the result of subtracting the figure in box 4 from
Box 4—Benefits Repaid to SSA in 2022 the figure in box 3. Enter this amount on line A of IRS No-
tice 703, or on line 1 of Worksheet 1, or on the worksheet
The figure shown in this box is the total amount of benefits in the Instructions for Form 1040.
you repaid to the SSA in 2022.
If parentheses are around the figure in box 5, it means
Description of Amount in Box 4 that the figure in box 4 is larger than the figure in box 3.
This is a negative figure and means you repaid more
This part of the form describes the items included in the money than you received in 2022. If you have any ques-
amount shown in box 4. It lists the amount of benefit tions about this negative figure, contact your local SSA of-
checks you returned to the SSA and any adjustments for fice. For more information, see Repayments More Than
other types of repayments. The amounts listed include all Gross Benefits, earlier.
amounts repaid in 2022, no matter when the benefits were
received. Only the repayments that apply to you will be Box 6—Voluntary Federal Income Tax
shown. If you didn’t make any repayments, the word Withheld
“none” will be shown.
This shows the total amount of federal income tax with-
Checks returned to the SSA. If any of your benefit held from your benefits. Include this amount on your in-
checks were returned to the SSA, the total is shown here. come tax return as tax withheld.
Deductions for work or other adjustments. If any
amounts were withheld from your benefits because of Form SSA-1042S, Social Security
work or to recover an overpayment of retirement, survi- Benefit Statement 2022 (Nonresident
vors, or disability benefits, the total will be shown here.
Aliens)
This may also be shown as Deductions for work or other
adjustments under Description of Amount in Box 3, ear-
lier.

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This form is for nonresident aliens. It contains the follow- Box 7—Amount of Tax Withheld
ing four additional items that don’t appear on Form
SSA-1099. This is the amount of tax taken out of your social security
checks. Tax is withheld for any month in which you were a
Box 6—Rate of Tax nonresident alien (unless you were exempt under a tax
treaty).
This is the rate at which tax was withheld from 85% of
your benefits. If tax was withheld at more than one rate Box 8—Amount of Tax Refunded
during the year, the percentage shown will be the tax rate
in December 2022. The tax rate for most nonresident ali- An amount in this box shows any tax the SSA refunded to
ens is 30%. If you are a resident of Switzerland, your total you. When the SSA withholds tax from your checks by
benefit amount will be taxed at a 15% rate. The figure “0” mistake, they try to return it to you during the same calen-
will appear in this box if you were not taxed in December dar year. If the SSA is unable to send the refund to you
or if you were exempt under a tax treaty. Benefits received before the year ends, you must file a federal income tax
by residents of Canada, Egypt, Germany, Ireland, Israel, return to get a refund of this tax.
Italy, Japan, Romania, and the United Kingdom are ex-
empt from U.S. tax. Box 9—Net Tax Withheld During 2022 (Box
7 minus Box 8)
Under a treaty with India, benefits paid to individuals
who are both residents and nationals of India are exempt The figure in this box is the result of subtracting the figure
from U.S. tax if the benefits are for services performed for in box 8 from the figure in box 7. This is the net amount of
the United States, its subdivisions, or local government tax withheld from your benefits.
authorities. See Pub. 519 for more information on nonresi-
dent aliens.

FORM SSA-1042S – SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFIT STATEMENT
• THIS FORM IS FOR USE IN FILING A UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX RETURN.
2022 • DO NOT RETURN IT TO SOCIAL SECURITY. • READ THE INFORMATION ON THE REVERSE.
Box 1. Name Box 2. Beneficiary’s Social Security Number

Box . 3 Ben s t i f e P d i a n i 2022 Box 4. Benefits Repaid to SSA in 2022 Box . 5 N t e Ben s t i f e r o f 2022 (Box 3 minus Box 4)

DESC P I R I T ON OF AMOUNT N I BOX 3 DESCR P I I T ON OF AMOUNT N I BOX 4

Box 10. Address

Box 6. Rate of Tax SAMPLE

Box 7. Amount of Tax Withheld

Box 8. Amount of Tax Refunded Box 11. Claim Number (Use this number if you need to contact SSA.)
Box 9. Net Tax Withheld During 20222 (Box 7 minus Box 8)
Form SSA-1042S-SM (1-2023)

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Form RRB-1099, Payments by the                                  identification number (EIN), if known, for the person or es-
                                                                tate listed as the recipient.
Railroad Retirement Board 2022
This  section  explains  the  items  shown  on  Form            Box 3—Gross Social Security Equivalent 
RRB-1099. Form RRB-1099 is issued to citizens and resi-         Benefit Portion of Tier 1 Paid in 2022
dents of the United States. If you received, repaid, or had 
tax  withheld  from  the  social  security  equivalent  benefit The figure shown in this box is the gross SSEB portion of 
(SSEB) portion of tier 1 railroad retirement benefits or spe-   tier 1 benefits or special guaranty benefits paid to you in 
cial guaranty benefits during 2022, you will receive Form       2022. It is the amount before any deductions were made 
RRB-1099.                                                       for:
                                                                •   Federal income tax withholding;
If  you  received,  repaid,  or  had  tax  withheld  from  any 
non-social security equivalent benefit (NSSEB) portion of       •   Medicare premiums;
tier 1, tier 2, vested dual benefits, or supplemental annuity   •   Legal Process Garnishment payments;
benefits during 2022, you will receive Form RRB-1099-R, 
Annuities or Pensions by the Railroad Retirement Board.         •   Overall minimum assignment payments;
For more information concerning Form RRB-1099-R, see            •   Recovery of an overpayment, including recovery of 
Pub. 575.                                                           Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act benefits re-
    Each  beneficiary  will  receive  their  own  Form              ceived while awaiting payment of your railroad retire-
TIP RRB-1099.  If  you  receive  benefits  on  more  than           ment annuity; and
    one railroad retirement record, you may get more            •   Workers' compensation offset (explained in the de-
than  one  Form  RRB-1099.  To  help  ensure  that  you  get        scription of box 6, later).
your form timely, make sure the RRB always has your cur-
                                                                The  figure  in  box  3  is  the  amount  after  any  deductions 
rent mailing address.
                                                                were made for:
                                                                •   Social security benefits,
Box 1—Claim Number and Payee Code
                                                                •   Age reduction,
Your RRB claim number is a 6- or 9-digit number prece-              Public service pensions or public disability benefits,
                                                                •
ded  by  an  alphabetical  prefix  and  is  the  number  under 
which the SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits or special guar-      •   Dual railroad retirement entitlement under another 
anty  benefits  was  paid.  Your  payee  code  is  the  number      RRB claim number,
following  your  claim  number  and  is  used  by  the  RRB  to •   Work deductions,
identify you under your claim number. In all your contacts 
with the RRB, be sure to use the claim number and payee         •   Actuarial adjustment,
code shown in this box.                                         •   Annuity waiver, and
                                                                •   Legal Process Partition payments.
Box 2—Recipient's Identification Number

This is the U.S. social security number (SSN), individual 
taxpayer  identification  number  (ITIN),  or  employer 

          UNFOLD TO SEE ALL TAX STATEMENT FORMS - SEE REVERSE SIDE FOR GENERAL INFORMATION
PAYER’S NAME, STREET ADDRESS, CITY, STATE, AND ZIP CODE                                                   PAYMENTS BY THE RAILROAD 
UNITED STATES RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD                     2022                                          RETIREMENT BOARD
844 N RUSHSTCHICAGOIL 60611-1275                            3. Gross Social Security Equivalent Benefit
                                                                Portion of Tier 1 Paid in 2022
PAYER’S FEDERAL IDENTIFYING NO. 
1. Claim Number and Payee Code                              4. Social Security Equivalent Benefit Portion 
                                                                of Tier 1 Repaid to RRB in 2022
2.Recipient’s Identification Number                         5. Net Social Security Equivalent Benefit                                COPY C -
                                                                Portion of Tier 1 Paid in 2022
                                                                                                                                     FOR
Recipient’s Name, Street Address, City, State, and Zip Code 6. Workers’ Compensation Offset in 2022                                  RECIPIENT’S
                                                                                                                                     RECORDS.
                                                            7. Social Security Equivalent Benefit
                                                                Portion of Tier 1 Paid for 2021
                                                                                                                                     THIS
                                                            8. Social Security Equivalent Benefit                                    INFORMATION
                                                                Portion of Tier 1 Paid for 2020                                      ISBEING
                                                                                                                                     FURNISHED
                                                            9. Social Security Equivalent Benefit                                    TO THE
                                                                Portion of Tier 1 Paid for Years                                     INTERNAL
                                                                Prior to 2020                                                        REVENUE
                                                            10. Federal Income Tax Withheld               11. Medicare Premium Total SERVICE.
                                                            SAMPLE
FORM RRB-1099                                                                 DO NOT ATTACH TO YOUR INCOME TAX RETURN

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Social security benefits paid through the RRB Box 4—Social Security Equivalent Benefit
! aren’t reported on Form RRB-1099 or Portion of Tier 1 Repaid to RRB in 2022
CAUTION RRB-1042S. They are reported on Form
SSA-1099 or Form SSA-1042S issued by the SSA. The figure shown in this box is the total SSEB portion of
tier 1 benefits you repaid to the RRB in 2022. You may
Example 1. For the period January through March have repaid a benefit by returning a payment, making a
2022, you received $300 ($100 × 3 months) Railroad Un- cash refund, or having an amount withheld from your pay-
employment Insurance. You were eligible for the SSEB ments. In addition, an amount may have been withheld
portion of tier 1 benefits of $509 a month beginning Janu- from your benefits to recover the SSEB overpayment in-
ary 1, 2022, but you didn’t receive your first payment until curred by someone else who is also receiving benefits un-
April 2022. The payment you received in April was for the der your claim number. Also, an amount may have been
first 3 months of 2022. However, because you received withheld from another benefit, such as a social security
unemployment benefits during the same period, $300 was benefit, to recover an SSEB overpayment you received.
deducted from your initial benefit payment. Instead of re-
ceiving $1,527 ($509 × 3 months), you received $1,227 The amount in box 4 also includes any SSEB benefits
($1,527 − $300). For the months of April through Novem- you repaid in 2022 that were for 2022 or for 1 or more
ber, you were paid your regular monthly SSEB portion of years before 2022. All tier 1 repayments for years before
tier 1 benefits of $509. Box 3 of your Form RRB-1099 will 1986 are treated entirely as SSEB benefits.
show $5,599 ($509 × 11 months) as the gross SSEB por-
tion of tier 1 benefits paid to you in 2022, even though you Example 1. You returned to work for your last railroad
didn’t actually receive that amount. This is because box 3 employer for the months of June through August 2022.
shows the gross amount of your benefits before any re- The SSEB portion of your tier 1 benefits was $450 for
ductions were made for the unemployment benefits paid each of those months. Because you aren’t allowed to re-
to you. ceive benefits for any month you returned to railroad serv-
ice, you have to make a repayment to the RRB. You re-
Example 2. You received tier 1 benefits of $600 a turned the benefit payment for June through August 2022.
month for the months of January through June 2022. Your Box 4 of your Form RRB-1099 will show $1,350 ($450 × 3
$600 monthly tier 1 benefits consist of an SSEB portion of months) as the SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits you repaid
$250 and an NSSEB portion of $350. Beginning in July to the RRB.
2022, you became entitled to Medicare, and $170.10 a
month was deducted from your benefit checks for Medi- Example 2. From January through April 2022, you
care premiums. Therefore, the tier 1 payments you re- were overpaid $800 in the SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits.
ceived for the rest of the year were $429.90 ($600 − From May through August 2022, $200 a month was with-
$170.10) a month. Box 3 of your Form RRB-1099 will held from your benefit payment to fully recover the $800
show the gross SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits of $3,000 overpayment. Box 4 of your Form RRB-1099 will show
($250 × 12 months), because it’s the gross SSEB amount $800 ($200 × 4 months) as the SSEB portion of tier 1 ben-
before deductions for your Medicare premiums. Box 11 of efits you repaid to the RRB.

your Form RRB-1099 will show your Medicare premiums Example 3. As a retired railroad employee, you have
of $1,020.60 ($170.10 × 6 months) deducted from July been receiving a railroad retirement annuity, including an
through December 2022. The remainder of your tier 1 SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits, since 2021. You also be-
payments, the NSSEB portion of $4,200 ($350 × 12 came entitled to, and received from the SSA, a social se-
months), will be shown on the Form RRB-1099-R that you curity benefit of $300 a month beginning May 1, 2022. The
will receive along with your Form RRB-1099. The $4,200 SSA later authorized the RRB to pay that benefit. In Au-
is the gross NSSEB amount before deductions for your gust 2022, the RRB began paying your social security
Medicare premiums. (The Medicare Premium Total box benefit to you and reduced the SSEB portion of your
shown on your Form RRB-1099-R will be blank because monthly tier 1 benefit by $300. Social security benefits of
the Medicare total will be shown in box 11 of your Form $900 ($300 × 3 months) covering the period May through
RRB-1099.) For more information on Form RRB-1099-R, July 2022 were kept by the RRB to offset your $900 SSEB
see Pub. 575. overpayment for that same period. Box 4 of your Form
Benefits paid for earlier years. The figure in box 3 RRB-1099 will show $900 as the SSEB portion of tier 1
includes any lump-sum benefit payment you received in benefits you repaid to the RRB.
2022 that is for an earlier year after 1983. If you received a Note. The SSA will send you Form SSA-1099, which
payment for an earlier year, it will be shown in box 7, 8, or will include the $900 in benefits paid by them for the
9 (described later). See Lump-Sum Election, earlier, for months of May through July 2022.
information on how to treat the payment.
Box 5—Net Social Security Equivalent
Benefit Portion of Tier 1 Paid in 2022

The figure shown in this box is the net amount of the
SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits paid to you in 2022. It is the
result of subtracting the amount in box 4 from the amount

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in box 3. If you received more than one Form RRB-1099 Boxes 7 and 8—Social Security Equivalent
for 2022, you should add the amounts in box 5 of all Benefit Portion of Tier 1 Paid for 2021 or
Forms RRB-1099 to determine your net amount of SSEB 2020
payments for 2022. Use this amount to determine if any of
your benefits are taxable. See Are Any of Your Benefits
The figure shown in each applicable box is the amount of
Taxable, earlier.
SSEB benefits paid to you in 2022 that was for 2021 or
If parentheses are around the figure in box 5, it means 2020. This amount is included in the amount shown in
that the figure in box 4 is larger than the figure in box 3. box 3.
This is a negative figure and means you repaid more
money than you received in 2022. For more information, Box 9—Social Security Equivalent Benefit
see Repayments More Than Gross Benefits, earlier. Portion of Tier 1 Paid for Years Prior to 2020

Box 6—Workers' Compensation Offset in The figure shown in this box is the amount of SSEB bene-
2022 fits paid to you in 2022 that was for 2019 and earlier years
after 1983. This amount is included in the amount shown
The figure shown in this box is the amount you received in in box 3. Any tier 1 benefit paid for a period before 1986 is
workers' compensation benefits during the year that was treated as SSEB.
used to offset the full amount of your tier 1 payments. The
SSEB portions of your tier 1 benefits shown in boxes 3 Box 10—Federal Income Tax Withheld
and 5 include amounts by which your SSEB payments
were reduced for workers' compensation benefits. Your The figure shown in this box is the total amount of U.S.
workers' compensation amount is shown in this box sepa- federal income tax withheld on your 2022 tier 1 SSEB or
rately only for your information. If you didn’t receive work- special guaranty benefit payments. This total is based on
ers' compensation benefits, box 6 is blank. the amount of SSEB tax withholding requested on IRS
Form W-4V. Include this amount on your income tax re-
Example. For 2022, your tier 1 benefit of $450 a turn as tax withheld.
month is reduced to $400 because of a $50-a-month
workers' compensation offset. Boxes 3 and 5 of your Form
Box 11—Medicare Premium Total
RRB-1099 will show $5,400 ($450 × 12 months) as the
SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits paid to you by the RRB.
This is the total amount of Part B, Part C, and/or Part D
The $5,400 is the amount before any deductions were
Medicare premiums deducted from your railroad retire-
made for the workers' compensation offset. Box 4 will
ment annuity payments shown on your Form RRB-1099.
show zero because you didn’t make any repayments dur-
ing the year. Box 6 of your form will show $600 ($50 work-
ers' compensation × 12 months). In figuring if any of your Form RRB-1042S, Payments by the
benefits are taxable, you must use $5,400 (box 5) as the Railroad Retirement Board 2022
amount of the SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits paid to you.
(Nonresident Aliens)

This form is for nonresident aliens.

Payer’s Name, Street Address, City, State, and ZIP Code - For Recipient’s Records
United States Railroad Re� rement Board 2022 Copy B
Statement for Nonresident Alien This informa�on is being furnished to the
844 N Rush St Chicago IL 60611-1275 Recipients of Payments by the Railroad Internal Revenue Service
Payer’s Federal Iden� fying No. Re�rement Board
Unique Form Iden�ﬁer Amendment Number 6. Claim Number and Payee Code 7. Recipient’s U.S. Taxpayer Iden�ﬁ �oca n
Number
Recipient’s Name, Street Address, City, State, and ZIP code
8. Recipient’s Chapter 3 Status Code 9. Recipient’s Date of Birth

10. Gross Beneﬁ t Paid in 2022 11. Beneﬁt Repaid to RRB in 2022

12. Net Beneﬁ t Paid in 2022 13. Federal Tax Withheld

1. Income Code 2. Chapter Indicator 3. Chapter 3 Status Code 14. Country 15. Tax Rate

4. Chapter 4 Status Code 5. Employee Contribu�ons 16. Exemp� on Code 17. Medicare Premium Total
SAMPLE

FORM RRB-1042S (01-23)

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Note. If your country of legal residence changed or • Overall minimum assignment payments;
your tax withholding rate changed during the year, you
• Recovery of an overpayment, including recovery of
may receive more than one Form RRB-1042S. To deter-
Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act benefits re-
mine your total amounts for the year, you should add the
ceived while awaiting payment of your railroad retire-
amounts shown on all Forms RRB-1042S you received for
ment annuity; and
that year.
• Workers’ compensation offset.
Box 1—Income Code
The figure in box 10 is the amount after any deductions
The figure shown in this box indicates the amounts are ei- were made for:
ther SSEB payments or pension payments. • Social security benefits,
Box 5—Employee Contributions • Age reduction,
• Public service pensions or public disability benefits,
This is the amount of taxes withheld from your railroad
employment earnings that exceeds the amount of taxes • Dual railroad retirement entitlement under another
that would have been withheld had the earnings been RRB claim number,
covered under the social security system. The amount • Work deductions,
shown is your total employee contribution amount attribut-
• Actuarial adjustment,
able to a railroad account number and must be shared by
all annuitants eligible to use it. It is the latest amount re- • Annuity waiver, and
ported for 2022 and may have increased or decreased • Legal Process Partition payments.
from a previous Form RRB-1042S. A change in the
amount may affect the nontaxable portion of your contrib- Social security benefits paid through the RRB
utory amounts paid. You may need to refigure the nontax- ! aren’t reported on Form RRB-1099 or
able amount and/or file an original or amended income tax CAUTION RRB-1042S. They are reported on Form
return(s) using the amount reported on this form. If this SSA-1099 or Form SSA-1042S issued by the SSA.
box is blank, it means that your contributory amount paid
and total gross paid are fully taxable. For more informa- Example 1. For the period January through March
tion, see Pub. 575; and Pub. 939, General Rule for Pen- 2022, you received $300 ($100 × 3 months) Railroad Un-
sions and Annuities. employment Insurance. You were eligible for the SSEB
portion of tier 1 benefits of $509 a month beginning Janu-
ary 1, 2022, but you didn’t receive your first payment until
Box 6—Claim Number and Payee Code
April 2022. The payment you received in April was for the
Your RRB claim number is a 6- or 9-digit number prece- first 3 months of 2022. However, because you received
ded by an alphabetical prefix and is the number under unemployment benefits during the same period, $300 was
which the SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits or special guar- deducted from your initial benefit payment. Instead of re-
anty benefits was paid. Your payee code is the number ceiving $1,527 ($509 × 3 months), you received $1,227
following your claim number and is used by the RRB to ($1,527 − $300). For the months of April through Novem-
identify you under your claim number. In all your contacts ber, you were paid your regular monthly SSEB portion of
with the RRB, be sure to use the claim number and payee tier 1 benefits of $509. Box 10 of your Form RRB-1042S
code shown in this box. will show $5,599 ($509 × 11 months) as the gross SSEB
portion of tier 1 benefits paid to you in 2022, even though
you didn’t actually receive that amount. This is because
Box 7—Recipient’s U.S. Taxpayer
box 10 shows the gross amount of your benefits before
Identification Number (TIN) any reductions were made for the unemployment benefits
paid to you.
This is the U.S. social security number (SSN), individual
taxpayer identification number (ITIN), or employer identifi- Example 2. You received tier 1 benefits of $600 a
cation number (EIN), if known, for the person or estate lis- month for the months of January through June 2022. Your
ted as the recipient. $600 monthly tier 1 benefits consist of an SSEB portion of
$250 and an NSSEB portion of $350. Beginning in July
Box 10—Gross Benefit Paid in 2022 2022, you became entitled to Medicare, and $170.10 a
month was deducted from your benefit checks for Medi-
The figure shown in this box is the total amount of benefits care premiums. Therefore, the tier 1 payments you re-
paid to you in 2022. It includes any benefits paid in 2022 ceived for the rest of the year were $429.90 ($600 −
that were for prior years. It is the amount before any de- $170.10) a month. Box 10 of your Form RRB-1042S will
ductions were made for: show the gross SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits of $3,000
• Federal income tax withholding; ($250 × 12 months), because it’s the gross SSEB amount
before deductions for your Medicare premiums. Box 17 of
• Medicare premiums; your Form RRB-1042S will show your Medicare premiums
• Legal Process Garnishment payments; of $1,020.60 ($170.10 × 6 months) deducted from July

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through December 2022. The remainder of your tier 1 July 2022 were kept by the RRB to offset your $900 SSEB
payments, the NSSEB portion of $4,200 ($350 × 12 overpayment for that same period. Box 11 of your Form
months), will be shown on the Form RRB-1099-R that you RRB-1042S will show $900 as the SSEB portion of tier 1
will receive along with your Form RRB-1042S. The $4,200 benefits you repaid to the RRB.
is the gross NSSEB amount before deductions for your Note. The SSA will send you Form SSA-1099, which
Medicare premiums. (The Medicare Premium Total box will include the $900 in benefits paid by them for the
shown on your Form RRB-1099-R will be blank because months of May through July 2022.
the Medicare total will be shown in box 17 of your Form
RRB-1042S.) For more information on Form RRB-1042S, Box 12—Net Benefit Paid in 2022
see Pub. 575.
Benefits paid for earlier years. The figure in box 10 The figure shown in this box is the net amount of benefits
includes any lump-sum benefit payment you received in paid to you in 2022. It is the result of subtracting the
2022 that is for an earlier year after 1983. See Lump-Sum amount in box 11 from the amount in box 10. If you re-
Election, earlier, for information on how to treat the pay- ceived more than one Form RRB-1042S for 2022, you
ment. should add the amounts in box 12 of all Forms
RRB-1042S to determine your net amount of payments for
2022. Use this amount to determine if any of your benefits
Box 11—Benefit Repaid to RRB in 2022
are taxable. See Are Any of Your Benefits Taxable, ear-
lier.
The figure shown in this box is the total amount of benefits
you repaid to the RRB in 2022, including any benefits you
If parentheses are around the figure in box 12, it means
repaid in 2022 for prior years. You may have repaid a ben-
that the figure in box 11 is larger than the figure in box 10.
efit by returning a payment, by making a cash refund, or
This is a negative figure and means you repaid more
by having an amount withheld from your annuity for over-
money than you received in 2022. For more information,
payment recovery purposes. In addition, an amount may
see Repayments More Than Gross Benefits, earlier.
have been withheld from your benefits to recover an over-
payment incurred by someone else who is also receiving
benefits under your claim number. Box 13—Federal Tax Withheld

The amount in box 11 also includes any SSEB benefits The figure shown in this box is the total amount of U.S.
you repaid in 2022 that were for 2022 or for 1 or more federal income tax withheld from your benefits in 2022
years before 2022. All tier 1 repayments for years before while you were a known or assumed resident for tax pur-
1986 are treated entirely as SSEB benefits. poses of the country shown in box 14. If no taxes were
withheld, -0- will be shown in this box. If you received
Example 1. You returned to work for your last railroad more than one Form RRB-1042S for 2022, add the
employer for the months of June through August 2022. amounts in box 13 of all Forms RRB-1042S to determine
The SSEB portion of your tier 1 benefits was $450 for your total amount of U.S. federal income tax withheld from
each of those months. Since you aren’t allowed to receive SSEB payments for 2022. Tax is withheld for any month in
benefits for any month you returned to railroad service, which you were a nonresident alien (unless you claimed
you have to make a repayment to the RRB. You returned exemption under a tax treaty).
the benefit payment for June through August 2022. Box 4
of your Form RRB-1099 will show $1,350 ($450 × 3 Box 14—Country
months) as the SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits you repaid
to the RRB. The country where you maintain your legal residence is
Example 2. From January through April 2022, you shown in this box. If you maintained legal residence in
were overpaid $800 in the SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits. more than one country during the year, you will receive a
From May through August 2022, $200 a month was with- separate Form RRB-1042S for each country of legal resi-
held from your benefit payment to fully recover the $800 dence during the year.
overpayment. Box 4 of your Form RRB-1099 will show
$800 ($200 × 4 months) as the SSEB portion of tier 1 ben- Box 15—Tax Rate
efits you repaid to the RRB.
The figure shown in this box is the rate at which U.S. fed-
Example 3. As a retired railroad employee, you have
eral income tax was withheld from the benefits shown on
been receiving a railroad retirement annuity, including an
this Form RRB-1042S. If tax was withheld at more than
SSEB portion of tier 1 benefits, since 2021. You also be-
one rate during the year, you will receive a separate Form
came entitled to, and received from the SSA, a social se-
RRB-1042S for each rate change during the year. The tax
curity benefit of $300 a month beginning May 1, 2022. The
rate for most nonresident aliens is 30%. The figure “0%” or
SSA later authorized the RRB to pay that benefit. In Au-
“15%” may appear in this box if you claimed a tax treaty
gust 2022, the RRB began paying your social security
exemption by filing Form RRB-1001 with the RRB. For
benefit to you and reduced the SSEB portion of your
more information, see Nonresident aliens, earlier, under
monthly tier 1 benefit by $300. Social security benefits of
Are Any of Your Benefits Taxable.
$900 ($300 × 3 months) covering the period May through

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Box 16—Exemption Code help preparing their own tax returns. Go to IRS.gov/
VITA, download the free IRS2Go app, or call
If a figure is shown in this box, it indicates a reduction in 800-906-9887 for information on free tax return prepa-
the applicable nonresident alien tax rate due to a treaty ration.
exemption.
• TCE. The Tax Counseling for the Elderly (TCE) pro-
gram offers free tax help for all taxpayers, particularly
Box 17—Medicare Premium Total those who are 60 years of age and older. TCE volun-
teers specialize in answering questions about pen-
This is the total amount of Part B, Part C, and/or Part D sions and retirement-related issues unique to seniors.
Medicare premiums deducted from your railroad retire- Go to IRS.gov/TCE, download the free IRS2Go app,
ment annuity payments shown on your Form RRB-1042S. or call 888-227-7669 for information on free tax return
preparation.
See Pub. 519 for more information on nonresident ali-
ens. • MilTax. Members of the U.S. Armed Forces and
qualified veterans may use MilTax, a free tax service
You should contact your nearest RRB field office
offered by the Department of Defense through Military
TIP (if you reside in the United States) or U.S. consu-
OneSource. For more information, go to
late/embassy (if you reside outside of the United
MilitaryOneSource MilitaryOneSource.mil/MilTax ( ).
States) for assistance with your RRB tax statement inqui-
Also, the IRS offers Free Fillable Forms, which can
ries. If you are in the United States or Canada, you can
be completed online and then filed electronically re-
call the RRB toll free at 877-772-5772. You can also visit
gardless of income.
them at RRB.gov. If you have any questions about how to
figure your taxable payments or what amounts to show on Using online tools to help prepare your return. Go to
your income tax return, contact the IRS. IRS.gov/Tools for the following.
• The Earned Income Tax Credit Assistant IRS.gov/ (
EITCAssistant) determines if you’re eligible for the
How To Get Tax Help earned income credit (EIC).
• The Online EIN Application IRS.gov/EIN ( ) helps you
If you have questions about a tax issue; need help prepar- get an employer identification number (EIN) at no
ing your tax return; or want to download free publications, cost.
forms, or instructions, go to IRS.gov to find resources that
can help you right away. • The Tax Withholding Estimator IRS.gov/W4app ( )
makes it easier for you to estimate the federal income
Preparing and filing your tax return. After receiving all tax you want your employer to withhold from your pay-
your wage and earnings statements (Forms W-2, W-2G, check. This is tax withholding. See how your withhold-
1099-R, 1099-MISC, 1099-NEC, etc.); unemployment ing affects your refund, take-home pay, or tax due.
compensation statements (by mail or in a digital format) or
• The First-Time Homebuyer Credit Account Look-up
other government payment statements (Form 1099-G);
(IRS.gov/HomeBuyer) tool provides information on
and interest, dividend, and retirement statements from
your repayments and account balance.
banks and investment firms (Forms 1099), you have sev-
eral options to choose from to prepare and file your tax re- • The Sales Tax Deduction Calculator IRS.gov/ (
turn. You can prepare the tax return yourself, see if you SalesTax) figures the amount you can claim if you
qualify for free tax preparation, or hire a tax professional to itemize deductions on Schedule A (Form 1040).
prepare your return. Getting answers to your tax questions. On
IRS.gov, you can get up-to-date information on
Free options for tax preparation. Go to IRS.gov to see
current events and changes in tax law.
your options for preparing and filing your return online or
in your local community, if you qualify, which include the • IRS.gov/Help: A variety of tools to help you get an-
following. swers to some of the most common tax questions.
• Free File. This program lets you prepare and file your • IRS.gov/ITA: The Interactive Tax Assistant, a tool that
federal individual income tax return for free using will ask you questions and, based on your input, pro-
brand-name tax-preparation-and-filing software or vide answers on a number of tax law topics.
Free File fillable forms. However, state tax preparation
• IRS.gov/Forms: Find forms, instructions, and publica-
may not be available through Free File. Go to IRS.gov/
tions. You will find details on the most recent tax
FreeFile to see if you qualify for free online federal tax
changes and interactive links to help you find answers
preparation, e-filing, and direct deposit or payment op-
to your questions.
tions.
• You may also be able to access tax law information in
• VITA. The Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA)
your electronic filing software.
program offers free tax help to people with
low-to-moderate incomes, persons with disabilities,
and limited-English-speaking taxpayers who need

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Need someone to prepare your tax return? There are Centers (TACs), other IRS offices, and every VITA/TCE
various types of tax return preparers, including enrolled return site. The OPI Service is accessible in more than
agents, certified public accountants (CPAs), accountants, 350 languages.
and many others who don’t have professional credentials.
If you choose to have someone prepare your tax return, Accessibility Helpline available for taxpayers with
choose that preparer wisely. A paid tax preparer is: disabilities. Taxpayers who need information about ac-
cessibility services can call 833-690-0598. The Accessi-
• Primarily responsible for the overall substantive accu- bility Helpline can answer questions related to current and
racy of your return, future accessibility products and services available in al-
• Required to sign the return, and ternative media formats (for example, braille, large print,
audio, etc.). The Accessibility Helpline does not have ac-
• Required to include their preparer tax identification
cess to your IRS account. For help with tax law, refunds,
number (PTIN).
or account-related issues, go to IRS.gov/LetUsHelp.
Although the tax preparer always signs the return,
you're ultimately responsible for providing all the informa- Note. Form 9000, Alternative Media Preference, or
tion required for the preparer to accurately prepare your Form 9000(SP) allows you to elect to receive certain types
return. Anyone paid to prepare tax returns for others of written correspondence in the following formats.
should have a thorough understanding of tax matters. For Standard Print.
•
more information on how to choose a tax preparer, go to
Tips for Choosing a Tax Preparer on IRS.gov. • Large Print.
• Braille.
Coronavirus. Go to IRS.gov/Coronavirus for links to in-
formation on the impact of the coronavirus, as well as tax • Audio (MP3).
relief available for individuals and families, small and large • Plain Text File (TXT).
businesses, and tax-exempt organizations.
• Braille Ready File (BRF).
Employers can register to use Business Services On-
line. The Social Security Administration (SSA) offers on- Disasters. Go to Disaster Assistance and Emergency
line service at SSA.gov/employer for fast, free, and secure Relief for Individuals and Businesses to review the availa-
online W-2 filing options to CPAs, accountants, enrolled ble disaster tax relief.
agents, and individuals who process Form W-2, Wage
Getting tax forms and publications. Go to IRS.gov/
and Tax Statement, and Form W-2c, Corrected Wage and
Forms to view, download, or print all the forms, instruc-
Tax Statement.
tions, and publications you may need. Or, you can go to
IRS social media. Go to IRS.gov/SocialMedia to see the IRS.gov/OrderForms to place an order.
various social media tools the IRS uses to share the latest
Getting tax publications and instructions in eBook
information on tax changes, scam alerts, initiatives, prod-
format. You can also download and view popular tax
ucts, and services. At the IRS, privacy and security are
publications and instructions (including the Instructions for
our highest priority. We use these tools to share public in-
Form 1040) on mobile devices as eBooks at IRS.gov/
formation with you. Don’t post your social security number
eBooks.
(SSN) or other confidential information on social media
sites. Always protect your identity when using any social Note. IRS eBooks have been tested using Apple's
networking site. iBooks for iPad. Our eBooks haven’t been tested on other
The following IRS YouTube channels provide short, in- dedicated eBook readers, and eBook functionality may
formative videos on various tax-related topics in English, not operate as intended.
Spanish, and ASL.
• Youtube.com/irsvideos. Access your online account (individual taxpayers
only). Go to IRS.gov/Account to securely access infor-
• Youtube.com/irsvideosmultilingua. mation about your federal tax account.
• Youtube.com/irsvideosASL. • View the amount you owe and a breakdown by tax
year.
Watching IRS videos. The IRS Video portal
(IRSVideos.gov) contains video and audio presentations • See payment plan details or apply for a new payment
for individuals, small businesses, and tax professionals. plan.
Online tax information in other languages. You can • Make a payment or view 5 years of payment history
and any pending or scheduled payments.
find information on IRS.gov/MyLanguage if English isn’t
your native language. • Access your tax records, including key data from your
most recent tax return, and transcripts.
Free Over-the-Phone Interpreter (OPI) Service. The
IRS is committed to serving our multilingual customers by • View digital copies of select notices from the IRS.
offering OPI services. The OPI Service is a federally fun- • Approve or reject authorization requests from tax pro-
ded program and is available at Taxpayer Assistance fessionals.

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• View your address on file or manage your communi- Note. The IRS can’t issue refunds before mid-Febru-
cation preferences. ary for returns that claimed the EIC or the additional child
tax credit (ACTC). This applies to the entire refund, not
Tax Pro Account. This tool lets your tax professional just the portion associated with these credits.
submit an authorization request to access your individual
taxpayer IRS online account. For more information, go to Making a tax payment. Go to IRS.gov/Payments for in-
IRS.gov/TaxProAccount. formation on how to make a payment using any of the fol-
lowing options.
Using direct deposit. The fastest way to receive a tax
refund is to file electronically and choose direct deposit, • IRS Direct Pay: Pay your individual tax bill or estima-
which securely and electronically transfers your refund di- ted tax payment directly from your checking or sav-
rectly into your financial account. Direct deposit also ings account at no cost to you.
avoids the possibility that your check could be lost, stolen, • Debit or Credit Card: Choose an approved payment
destroyed, or returned undeliverable to the IRS. Eight in processor to pay online or by phone.
10 taxpayers use direct deposit to receive their refunds. If
you don’t have a bank account, go to IRS.gov/ • Electronic Funds Withdrawal: Schedule a payment
when filing your federal taxes using tax return prepara-
DirectDeposit for more information on where to find a
tion software or through a tax professional.
bank or credit union that can open an account online.
• Electronic Federal Tax Payment System: Best option
Getting a transcript of your return. The quickest way for businesses. Enrollment is required.
to get a copy of your tax transcript is to go to IRS.gov/
Transcripts. Click on either “Get Transcript Online” or “Get • Check or Money Order: Mail your payment to the ad-
Transcript by Mail” to order a free copy of your transcript. dress listed on the notice or instructions.
If you prefer, you can order your transcript by calling • Cash: You may be able to pay your taxes with cash at
800-908-9946. a participating retail store.
Reporting and resolving your tax-related identity • Same-Day Wire: You may be able to do same-day
theft issues. wire from your financial institution. Contact your finan-
cial institution for availability, cost, and time frames.
• Tax-related identity theft happens when someone
steals your personal information to commit tax fraud. Note. The IRS uses the latest encryption technology to
Your taxes can be affected if your SSN is used to file a ensure that the electronic payments you make online, by
fraudulent return or to claim a refund or credit. phone, or from a mobile device using the IRS2Go app are
• The IRS doesn’t initiate contact with taxpayers by safe and secure. Paying electronically is quick, easy, and
email, text messages (including shortened links), tele- faster than mailing in a check or money order.

phone calls, or social media channels to request or What if I can’t pay now? Go to IRS.gov/Payments for
verify personal or financial information. This includes more information about your options.
requests for personal identification numbers (PINs),
passwords, or similar information for credit cards, • Apply for an online payment agreement IRS.gov/ (
banks, or other financial accounts. OPA) to meet your tax obligation in monthly install-
ments if you can’t pay your taxes in full today. Once
• Go to IRS.gov/IdentityTheft, the IRS Identity Theft you complete the online process, you will receive im-
Central webpage, for information on identity theft and mediate notification of whether your agreement has
data security protection for taxpayers, tax professio- been approved.
nals, and businesses. If your SSN has been lost or
stolen or you suspect you’re a victim of tax-related • Use the Offer in Compromise Pre-Qualifier to see if
identity theft, you can learn what steps you should you can settle your tax debt for less than the full
take. amount you owe. For more information on the Offer in
Compromise program, go to IRS.gov/OIC.
• Get an Identity Protection PIN (IP PIN). IP PINs are
six-digit numbers assigned to taxpayers to help pre- Filing an amended return. Go to IRS.gov/Form1040X
vent the misuse of their SSNs on fraudulent federal in- for information and updates.
come tax returns. When you have an IP PIN, it pre-
vents someone else from filing a tax return with your Checking the status of your amended return. Go to
SSN. To learn more, go to IRS.gov/IPPIN. IRS.gov/WMAR to track the status of Form 1040-X amen-
ded returns.
Ways to check on the status of your refund.
Note. It can take up to 3 weeks from the date you filed
• Go to IRS.gov/Refunds.
your amended return for it to show up in our system, and
• Download the official IRS2Go app to your mobile de- processing it can take up to 16 weeks.
vice to check your refund status.
Understanding an IRS notice or letter you’ve re-
• Call the automated refund hotline at 800-829-1954.
ceived. Go to IRS.gov/Notices to find additional informa-
tion about responding to an IRS notice or letter.

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Note. You can use Schedule LEP (Form 1040), Re- their assistance, you will be assigned to one advocate
quest for Change in Language Preference, to state a pref- who will work with you throughout the process and will do
erence to receive notices, letters, or other written commu- everything possible to resolve your issue. TAS can help
nications from the IRS in an alternative language. You you if:
may not immediately receive written communications in
• Your problem is causing financial difficulty for you,
the requested language. The IRS’s commitment to LEP
your family, or your business;
taxpayers is part of a multi-year timeline that is scheduled
to begin providing translations in 2023. You will continue • You face (or your business is facing) an immediate
to receive communications, including notices and letters, threat of adverse action; or
in English until they are translated to your preferred lan- • You’ve tried repeatedly to contact the IRS but no one
guage. has responded, or the IRS hasn’t responded by the
date promised.
Contacting your local IRS office. Keep in mind, many
questions can be answered on IRS.gov without visiting an
IRS TAC. Go to IRS.gov/LetUsHelp for the topics people How Can You Reach TAS?
ask about most. If you still need help, IRS TACs provide
TAS has offices in every state, the District of Columbia,
tax help when a tax issue can’t be handled online or by
and Puerto Rico. Your local advocate’s number is in your
phone. All TACs now provide service by appointment, so
local directory and at TaxpayerAdvocate.IRS.gov/
you’ll know in advance that you can get the service you
Contact-Us. You can also call them at 877-777-4778.
need without long wait times. Before you visit, go to
IRS.gov/TACLocator to find the nearest TAC and to check
hours, available services, and appointment options. Or, How Else Does TAS Help Taxpayers?
on the IRS2Go app, under the Stay Connected tab,
TAS works to resolve large-scale problems that affect
choose the Contact Us option and click on “Local Offices.”
many taxpayers. If you know of one of these broad issues,
report it to them at IRS.gov/SAMS.
The Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS)
Is Here To Help You TAS for Tax Professionals

What Is TAS? TAS can provide a variety of information for tax professio-
nals, including tax law updates and guidance, TAS pro-
TAS is an independent organization within the IRS that grams, and ways to let TAS know about systemic prob-
helps taxpayers and protects taxpayer rights. Their job is lems you’ve seen in your practice.
to ensure that every taxpayer is treated fairly and that you
know and understand your rights under the Taxpayer Bill
of Rights. Low Income Taxpayer Clinics (LITCs)

LITCs are independent from the IRS. LITCs represent in-
How Can You Learn About Your Taxpayer dividuals whose income is below a certain level and need
Rights? to resolve tax problems with the IRS, such as audits, ap-
peals, and tax collection disputes. In addition, LITCs can
The Taxpayer Bill of Rights describes 10 basic rights that provide information about taxpayer rights and responsibili-
all taxpayers have when dealing with the IRS. Go to ties in different languages for individuals who speak Eng-
TaxpayerAdvocate.IRS.gov to help you understand what lish as a second language. Services are offered for free or
these rights mean to you and how they apply. These are a small fee for eligible taxpayers. To find an LITC near
your rights. Know them. Use them. you, go to TaxpayerAdvocate.IRS.gov/about-us/Low-
Income-Taxpayer-Clinics-LITC or see IRS Pub. 4134, Low
What Can TAS Do for You? Income Taxpayer Clinic List.
TAS can help you resolve problems that you can’t resolve
with the IRS. And their service is free. If you qualify for

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                 To help us develop a more useful index, please let us know if you have ideas for index entries.
Index            See “Comments and Suggestions” in the “Introduction” for the ways you can reach us.
 
                                      Example 11
A                                     Worksheet 1:                         T
Assistance (See Tax help)             Filled-in 12                         Tax help 29
                                      Worksheet 2:                         Taxable benefits:
B                                     Blank 17                              Determination of 3 6, 
Base amount   3                       Filled-in 13                          Maximum taxable part    6
                                      Worksheet 3, blank  18                Person receiving benefits 
C                                     Worksheet 4:                          determines    5
Canadian social security benefits 6   Blank 19                              Worksheets:
Children's benefits 3                 Filled-in 14                          Examples      6 15, 
                                                                            Quick calculation, sample                    4
D                                   M                                       Which to use    6
Deductions related to benefits 15   Missing children, photographs of     2 Total income, figuring   3
  $3,000.01 or more 15              my Social Security account      2
Disability benefits repaid 15                                              U
                                    N                                      U.S. citizens residing abroad                 5
E                                   Nonresident aliens    5                U.S. residents:
Estimated tax 5                       Form RRB-1042S      26                Canadian or German social security 
                                      Form SSA-1042S      22                benefits paid to    6
F                                   Nontaxable benefits   6
                                                                           W
Form 1040 or 1040-SR   6
Form RRB-1042S   26                 P                                      Withholding 5
Form RRB-1099   11 24,              Permanent resident aliens    5          Exemption from  6
Form SSA-1042S   22                 Publications (See Tax help)             Form W-4V  5
Form SSA-1099   11 20,                                                      Voluntary 5
Form W-4V 5                         R                                      Worksheets
Future Developments:                Railroad retirement benefits    2       Lump-sum election:
  Product Page 1                    Repayments:                             Blank Worksheet 4       19
                                      Benefits received in earlier year 5,  Filled-in Worksheet 4    14
G                                     15                                    Lump-sum payment:
German social security benefits 6     Disability benefits 15                Blank Worksheet 2       17
                                      Gross benefits 5 15,                  Blank Worksheet 3       18
J                                   Reporting requirements     6            Filled-in Worksheet 1    12
Joint returns 15                      Lump-sum payment      11              Filled-in Worksheet 2    13
                                                                            Taxable benefits:
L                                   S                                       Blank Worksheet 1       15
Lump-sum election   11              Social Security benefits   2            Filled-in Worksheet 1    7 10-

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