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                                                                     Tax Information 

                                                                     for Survivors of 
A series of informational publications designed to educate taxpayers 
about the tax impact of significant life events.                     Domestic Abuse
                                                                       
                                                                     Tax Benefits and Credits

To apply for Innocent Spouse Relief, fill out IRS                    Form 8857,       You have a responsibility to:
Request for Innocent Spouse Relief, within two years after the                         File a timely return if you have income
date  the  IRS  first  attempts  to  collect  the  tax  from  you.  See 
                                                                                       Include all of your income on your return
IRS Publication  971,                            Innocent  Spouse  Relief,  for  more 
information.  You  may  also  wish  to  consult  a  professional                       Pay the taxes owed
advisor for help. If you cannot afford to do so, help may be                           Read and comply with correspondence from the IRS
available through a law school or nonprofit tax clinic in your 
                                                                                       Notify the IRS of any name or address changes
area. Refer to the free services outlined on the back of this 
brochure.
                                                                                      FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
While the law requires the IRS to let your spouse (or former spouse)                  Do I have to file a tax return?
know  if  you  file  a  Form  8857  for  Innocent  Spouse  Relief,  your  privacy     Whether you have to file a tax return depends on your filing status, age, and 
will be protected. The IRS will not reveal to your spouse your new name,              gross income. If you are married, you have the option to file either a joint 
address, employer, phone or fax number, or other information unrelated to a           return or a separate return.
determination of your claim.
                                                                                      See IRS Publication 501,       Exemptions, Standard Deduction and 
What tax or financial records should I keep?                                          Filing Information, for more information.
You should keep receipts, canceled checks, Forms W-2 and 1099s, and 
any other records to help you prepare a complete and accurate income tax              What if I need more time to prepare my tax return? What if I can’t pay 
return.                                                                               the tax I owe?
                                                                                      If you cannot file your return by the due date, you may apply for an automatic 
For more information on recordkeeping, see What Records Should I Keep?                6-month extension of time using IRS Form 4868, Application for Automatic 
in IRS Publication 17, Your Federal Income Tax.                                       Extension of Time to File U.S. Individual Income Tax Return. If you cannot 
                                                                                      pay the full amount of tax shown on your return (or on a notice you received), 
What other tax issues do I need to think about?
                                                                                      you can request an installment agreement using Form 9465, Installment 
If you have questions regarding medical expenses, bad debts, or powers of 
                                                                                      Agreement Request.
attorney, the IRS has more resources to help you. Please call the numbers 
listed in this brochure, or check out the website for more information.               What if I move, get a new job, or go back to school? What if I get 
                                                                                      separated or divorced?
Domestic abuse is not just physical abuse. It often includes economic control. 
                                                                                      All of these situations can impact your taxes. When you have questions, you 
As a survivor of domestic abuse, you can take control of your finances. An 
                                                                                      should call the IRS, a tax professional, or check out the websites listed on 
important part of managing your finances is understanding your tax rights 
                                                                                      the back of this brochure.
and responsibilities.
                                                                                      Does having children affect my taxes?
RIGHTS & RESPONSIBILITIES                                                             If you have a qualifying child, there are several tax credits that may reduce 
                                                                                      the amount of tax you owe. Some credits may also give you a refund, even 
You have the right to:
                                                                                      if you paid little or no tax. But to get the benefit of these credits, you must 
 File a separate return even if you’re married
                                                                                      file a tax return.
 See and understand the entire tax return (including supporting 
  documents) before signing a joint return                                            The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) may be available if you are working 
                                                                                      and your earnings are low. The credit may be larger if you have one or more 
 Refuse to sign a joint return
                                                                                      children living with you. You cannot take this credit if you file as married 
 Request an automatic 6-month extension of time to file your tax return              filing separately, but if your spouse didn’t live in your home at 
 Get copies of prior years’ tax returns from the IRS                                 any time during the last six months of the year, you may 
                                                                                      be able to file as “head of household” and claim 
 Request relief from your spouse’s liability
                                                                                      the EITC.
 Obtain independent legal advice

                                                                                                                                               continued...„



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...Divorce and non-custodial,

separated, or never married 
parents... (continued...)„

See IRS Publication 596, Earned Income Credit, for more information on              You may be able to get free tax help. Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) 
the credit, and IRS Publication 501, Exemptions, Standard Deduction,                provides volunteers in local areas who prepare simple tax returns.
and Filing Information for more on filing as “head of household.”
                                                                                    If you are a low income taxpayer who needs assistance in resolving tax 
The Child Tax Credit may reduce your tax or increase your refund for each           disputes with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and you cannot afford 
qualifying child. See IRS Publication 17, Your Federal Income Tax, for              representation, or if you speak English as a second language and need help 
more information.                                                                   understanding your taxpayer rights and responsibilities, you may qualify for 
                                                                                    help from a Low Income Taxpayer Clinic (LITC) that provides free or nominal 
Finally, the Child and Dependent Care Credit may reduce your tax.                   cost assistance. For additional information see IRS  Publication 4134, Low 
See IRS Publication 503,     Child and Dependent Care Expenses, for                 Income Taxpayer Clinic List.
more information.
                                                                                    ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
What if the IRS says I owe more money because of my spouse or 
former spouse’s earnings?                                                           Recognizing signs and patterns of domestic violence 
You may be surprised to know that when spouses file a joint return, either          www.mayoclinic.com/print/domestic-violence/WO00044/
spouse can be held liable for any tax later found to be due on the return, even     METHOD=print
if the parties later divorce or the tax bill arises because of the other spouse’s 
transactions. This is called “joint and several liability.”                         24-hour National Domestic Violence Hotline:
                                                                                    1-800-799-SAFE (7233), or               1-800-787-3224 (TTY),  
The good news is that if the IRS determines that you owe additional tax               1-855-812-1001or        (video phone, only for deaf callers).
based on your spouse’s share of the return, you may have a defense based 
on the “innocent spouse” or “separate liability” provisions of the tax law.         Call (800) 906-9887 or visit https://irs.treasury.gov/freetaxprep/ to find 
                                                                                    a VITA site near you 
You may be eligible for Innocent Spouse Relief from the IRS, if you signed 
a joint return with your spouse and you thought your spouse had paid the  Call (888) 227-7669 or visit www.aarp.org/money/taxaide/                 to find a Tax-
taxes due. You also may be eligible if the IRS increased your taxes because  Aide site near you. 
of your spouse’s unreported income or erroneous deductions, but you knew 
nothing about the unreported or improper items when you signed the return.          The Free File Program (free online tax preparation software). For more 
                                                                                    information, visit www.irs.gov/filing/Free-File-Do-Your-Federal-
                                                                                    Taxes-For-Free
REQUEST FOR PUBLICATIONS
Obtaining the publications referred to in this brochure is as easy as dialing a     Low-Income Taxpayer Clinics can provide tax advice and representation. 
tollfree number or accessing a website.                                             To  locate  one  near  you,  visit      www.irs.gov/filing/Free-File-Do-Your-
                                                                                    Federal-Taxes-For-Free. 
                      Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
                                                                                     The Taxpayer Advocate Service can intervene with the IRS in case of 
                 Order IRS Tax Forms and Publications                                 economic harm, administrative delay, or impact on other legal rights. 
                                                                                      To locate the TaxPayer Advocate Service office nearest you, call 
                             1-800-829-3676
                                                                                      1-877-777-4778.

Publication 3865 (Rev. 11-2022)  Catalog Number 32346J  Department of the Treasury  Internal Revenue Service  www.irs.gov






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