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                                                                                                   Department of the Treasury
                                                                                                   Internal Revenue Service
Instructions for Form 6765

(Rev. January 2023)
Credit for Increasing Research Activities

Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless           separately with respect to each business component of the 
otherwise noted.                                                     taxpayer. The research credit generally isn’t allowed for the 
                                                                     following types of activities.
Future Developments                                                  Research conducted after the beginning of commercial 
For the latest information about developments related to             production.
Form 6765 and its instructions, such as legislation enacted          Research adapting an existing product or process to a 
after they were published, go to IRS.gov/Form6765.                   particular customer’s need.
                                                                     Duplication of an existing product or process.
What’s New                                                           Surveys or studies.
                                                                     Research relating to certain internal-use computer 
Research credit claims on amended returns.         If you are        software.
claiming a refund or credit on an amended return or an                 Research conducted outside the United States, Puerto 
                                                                     
administrative adjustment request (AAR) that includes a              Rico, or a U.S. possession.
section 41 credit for increasing research activities (research         Research in the social sciences, arts, or humanities.
                                                                     
credit), you must also provide certain specific information for        Research funded by another person (or governmental 
                                                                     
your claim to be considered valid. See Research Credit               entity).
Claims on Amended Returns, later.
Partners of Bipartisan Budget Act (BBA) Partnership.                   If you incur qualified clinical testing expenses relating to 
See Partners of BBA Partnership, later, for more information         drugs for certain rare diseases, you can elect to claim the 
about adjustments to credits.                                        orphan drug credit for these expenses instead of the 
                                                                     research credit. See Form 8820, Orphan Drug Credit.
General Instructions                                                   See section 41 and Regulations sections 1.41-2 and 
                                                                     1.41-4 for other definitions and special rules.
Purpose of Form
Use Form 6765 to figure and claim the credit for increasing          Eligible Small Business (For Purposes of 
research activities, to elect the reduced credit under section       Offsetting AMT Only)
280C, and to elect to claim a certain amount of the credit as a      An eligible small business is:
payroll tax credit against the employer portion of social            A corporation whose stock isn’t publicly traded,
security taxes.                                                      A partnership, or
                                                                     A sole proprietorship.
Partnerships and S corporations must file this form to 
claim the credit. All others are generally not required to             The average annual gross receipts of the corporation, 
complete or file this form if their only source for this credit is a partnership, or sole proprietorship for the 3-tax-year period 
partnership, S corporation, estate, or trust. Instead, they can      preceding the tax year of the credit can’t exceed $50 million. 
report this credit directly on Form 3800, General Business           Gross receipts for any tax year must be reduced by returns 
Credit. The following exception applies: You are a taxpayer          and allowances made during the year. Any reference to your 
that is an estate or trust and the credit can be allocated to        business also includes a reference to any predecessor of 
beneficiaries. For more details, see the instructions for            your business. If your business wasn’t in existence for the 
Schedule K-1 (Form 1041), box 13.                                    entire 3-year period, base your average annual gross 
                                                                     receipts on the period your business existed. Also, if your 
Note. Corporations filing an amended return to claim a credit        business had a tax year of less than 12 months, your gross 
or refund of the research credit, see Notice 2008-39, 2008-13        receipts must be annualized by multiplying the gross receipts 
I.R.B. 684, available at IRS.gov/irb/                                for the short period by 12 and dividing the result by the 
2008-13_IRB#NOT-2008-39, for information on where to file.           number of months in the short period.
Definitions                                                          Note.   Gross receipts must meet the definition under section 
                                                                     448(c)(2) and (3) and Regulations section 1.448-1T(f)(2)(iv).
Qualified Research                                                     Member of controlled group, business under common 
The research credit is generally allowed for expenses paid or        control, or affiliated group. For purposes of the gross 
incurred for qualified research. Qualified research means            receipts test, all members of a controlled group of 
research for which expenses may be treated as section 174            corporations (as defined in section 52(a)) and all members of 
expenses. This research must be undertaken for discovering           a group of businesses under common control (as defined in 
information that is technological in nature, and its application     section 52(b)) are treated as a single person; and all 
must be intended for use in developing a new or improved             employees of the members of an affiliated service group (as 
business component of the taxpayer. In addition,                     defined in sections 414(m) and (o)) shall be treated as 
substantially all of the activities of the research must be          employed by a single person.
elements of a process of experimentation relating to a new or          Treatment of partners and S corporation 
improved function, performance, reliability, or quality. These       shareholders. A partner or S corporation shareholder can’t 
tests to determine qualified research must be applied                be treated as an eligible small business unless both the 

Jan 30, 2023                                                Cat. No. 13701S



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partnership or S corporation and the partner or S corporation 
                                                                      Special Rules
shareholder meet the gross receipts test as discussed under 
Eligible Small Business, earlier, for the tax year that the credit    See section 41(f) and 1.41-7 for special rules related to:
is treated as a current year general business credit.                 Aggregation of expenses for members of controlled 
                                                                      groups and businesses under common control;
Qualified Small Business (Payroll Tax Credit                          Allocation of the credit by partnerships, estates, and trusts;
Election)                                                             Adjustments, if a major portion of a business is acquired or 
                                                                      disposed of; and
A qualified small business is a corporation (including an S           Short tax years.
corporation) or partnership with:
                                                                        For special rules concerning the allocation and 
1. Gross receipts of less than $5 million for the tax year, 
                                                                      apportionment of research and experimental expenses 
and
                                                                      between U.S. and foreign source income, see sections 861 
2. No gross receipts for any tax year before the                      through 864.
5-tax-year period ending with the tax year.
Any other person may be considered a qualified small                  Member of Controlled Group of 
business if the person meets the requirements of (1) and (2)          Corporations or Group of Trades or 
above, taking into account the aggregate gross receipts 
received in all the trades or businesses.                             Businesses Under Common Control 
                                                                      (Controlled Group)
The term “gross receipts” for purposes of determining 
whether your business is a qualified small business means             For purposes of figuring the credit, all members of a 
gross receipts as determined under section 448(c)(3)                  controlled group of corporations (as defined in section 41(f)
(without regard to subparagraph (A) thereof) and Regulations          (1)(A) and (f)(5)) and all members of a group of trades or 
sections 1.448-1T(f)(2)(iii) and (iv). The definition of gross        businesses under common control (as defined in section 
receipts under section 41(c)(6) and Regulations section               41(f)(1)(B) and Regulations section 1.41-6(a)(3)(ii)) are 
1.41-3(c) doesn’t apply for this purpose. Any reference to            treated as a single taxpayer. Use Section A or B to figure the 
your trade or business also includes a reference to any               credit for the entire group. As a member, your credit is 
predecessor of your trade or business. Also, if your trade or         determined on a proportionate basis to your share of the 
business had a tax year of less than 12 months, your gross            aggregate qualified research expenses for increasing 
receipts must be annualized by multiplying the gross receipts         research activities taken into account by the group for the 
for the short period by 12 and dividing the result by the             research credit. Enter your share of the credit on line 17 or 
number of months in the short period.                                 line 34, whichever applies. Attach a statement showing how 
                                                                      your share of the credit was figured, the name and employer 
A qualified small business doesn’t include a tax-exempt               identification numbers or taxpayer identification numbers of 
organization under section 501.                                       the other members of the group, and the designated 
                                                                      member. Write “See Attached” next to the entry space for 
Payroll Tax Credit Election                                           line 17 or line 34.
The payroll tax credit election is an annual election made by           If a member of a controlled group has filed its return using 
a qualified small business specifying the amount of research          a method different from that of the designated member, then 
credit, not to exceed $250,000, that may be used against the          that member should file an amended return to conform to the 
employer portion of social security liability. The credit is the      designated member's method.
smallest of the current year research credit, an elected 
amount not to exceed $250,000, or the general business                  A member of a controlled group can’t make an alternative 
credit carryforward for the tax year (before the application of       simplified credit (ASC) election in a tax year on an amended 
the payroll tax credit election for the tax year). The general        return if any member of the controlled group for that tax year 
business credit carryforward limitation doesn’t apply to              previously claimed the research credit using a method other 
partnerships or S corporations. The election must be made             than the ASC on an original or amended return for that year. 
on or before the due date of the originally filed income tax          For additional rules regarding the election (or revocation of 
return (including extensions). An election can’t be made for a        the election) of the ASC in Section B by a controlled group of 
tax year if an election was made for 5 or more preceding tax          corporations, see Regulations section 1.41-9.
years. The election made by a partnership or S corporation is           For purposes of the reduced credit election, a member of 
made at the entity level. Any election to take the payroll tax        a controlled group may make the election under section 
credit may be revoked only with the consent of the IRS. For           280C(c)(3). However, only the common parent (within the 
more information about the payroll tax credit, see Notice             meaning of Regulations section 1.1502-77(a)(1)(i)) of a 
2017-23, 2017-16 I.R.B. 1100, available at IRS.gov/irb/               consolidated group may make the election on behalf of the 
2017-16_IRB#NOT-2017-23.                                              members of a consolidated group.
Claiming the credit on employment tax return.         A                 For purposes of the payroll tax credit election, all 
qualified small business that elects to claim the payroll tax         members of the same controlled group are treated as a 
credit will claim the payroll tax credit against the employer’s       single taxpayer. Thus, the aggregate gross receipts of all 
portion of social security tax on its employment tax return for       members of such a group must be taken into account in 
the first quarter that begins after it files the return reflecting    determining whether a business is a qualified small business. 
the payroll tax election. See Notice 2017-23 for more                 Also see Qualified Small Business, earlier. In addition, a 
information. A qualified small business claiming the payroll          member of such a group may not make a payroll tax credit 
tax credit on its employment tax return must complete Form            election if the member (or any other member of the member’s 
8974 and attach the completed form to the employment tax              group) has made a payroll tax credit election for 5 or more 
return.                                                               preceding tax years.

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  Each member of a controlled group separately makes the             organization. See section 41(e) for details, including the 
payroll tax credit election. The amount that each member of          definitions of qualified organizations.
the group can separately elect is limited to the least of (a) the 
electing member’s allocable share of the group credit                Line 3
(determined under the rules discussed above); (b) the                Enter the qualified organization base period amount based 
electing member’s allocable share of the $250,000 amount;            on minimum basic research amounts plus 
or (c) in the case of an electing member other than a                maintenance-of-effort amounts for the 3 preceding tax years. 
partnership or S corporation, the amount of the electing             See section 41(e) for details.
member’s business credit carryforward under section 39 
carried from the tax year (determined before the application         Line 7
of the payroll tax credit election for the tax year). The            Enter the amount you paid or incurred for the rental or lease 
$250,000 amount is allocated to each member of the group,            of computers used in qualified research. The computer must 
regardless of whether all members of the group make the              be located off your premises and you mustn’t be the operator 
payroll tax credit election, on a proportionate basis to each        or primary user of the computer. Reduce this amount by the 
member’s share of the aggregate of the qualified research            amount that you (or any member of a controlled group of 
expenses taken into account for the tax year by the group for        corporations or businesses under common control) received 
purposes of the credit.                                              or accrued for the right to use substantially identical property.

                                                                     Line 8
Specific Instructions                                                Enter the amounts you paid or incurred, subject to the 
You can:                                                             following limitations.
Claim the regular credit in Section A, or                          100% of amounts you paid (or incurred) for qualified 
Elect the alternative simplified credit (ASC) in Section B.        energy research performed by an eligible small business, a 
                                                                     university, or a federal laboratory (see section 41(b)(3)(D) for 
  You may want to figure your credit using both of the               definitions of those entities). Also include payments to those 
methods for which you are eligible to get the maximum credit         same entities to the extent they are included as basic 
allowed.                                                             research payments on line 2, not to exceed the base period 
                                                                     amount on line 3.
  Once elected, the ASC applies to the current tax year and          75% of amounts you paid (or incurred) for qualified 
all later years. A current tax year's ASC election may not be        research by a qualified research consortium (as defined by 
revoked. You may revoke the election for a later tax year by         section 41(b)(3)(C)(ii)). Also include 75% of the payments to 
completing Section A relating to the regular credit and              a qualified research consortium to the extent they are 
attaching the Form 6765 to your timely filed (including              included as basic research payments on line 2, not to exceed 
extensions) original return for the year to which the                the base period amount on line 3.
revocation applies. See Regulations section 1.41-9(b)(3).            65% of amounts you paid (or incurred) for all other 
  After figuring your credit, you can elect to treat a portion of    qualified research by any other person. Also include 65% of 
the credit as a payroll tax credit. Complete Section D to            the payments to that person to the extent they are included 
determine the payroll tax credit portion. Taxpayers other than       as basic research payments on line 2, not to exceed the base 
partnerships and S corporations must complete Form 3800              period amount on line 3.
before completing Section D.
                                                                     Note. Prepaid contract research expenses are considered 
Section A—Regular Credit                                             paid in the year the research is actually done.

Skip this section and go to Section B if:                            Line 10
  1. You are electing the ASC, or                                    The fixed-base percentage depends on whether you are an 
  2. You previously elected the ASC and aren’t revoking              existing company or a start-up company.
the election on this return.
                                                                       A start-up company is a taxpayer that had both gross 
  Enter the amounts you paid or incurred to energy research          receipts and qualified research expenses either:
consortia for energy research. Energy research doesn’t               For the first time in a tax year beginning after 1983, or
include any research that isn’t qualified research. In general,      For fewer than 3 tax years beginning after 1983 and before 
an energy research consortium is any organization described          1989.
in section 501(c)(3), exempt from tax under section 501(a), 
organized and operated primarily to conduct energy                     The fixed-base percentage for a start-up company is 
research, and not a private foundation. See section 41(f)(6)         figured as follows.
for further details.                                                 For the first 5 tax years beginning after 1993 for which you 
                                                                     have qualified research expenses, the percentage is 3%.
Line 1                                                               For the 6th tax year beginning after 1993 for which you 
Any amount included on line 1 can’t be included elsewhere            have qualified research expenses, divide the aggregate 
on the return.                                                       qualified research expenses for the 4th and 5th such tax 
                                                                     years by the aggregate gross receipts for those tax years, 
Line 2                                                               then divide the result by 6.
Enter the amounts the corporation (not to include S                  For the 7th tax year beginning after 1993 for which you 
corporations, personal holding companies, and service                have qualified research expenses, divide the aggregate 
organizations) paid in cash, under a written contract, for           qualified research expenses for the 5th and 6th such tax 
basic research to a qualified university, scientific research        years by the aggregate gross receipts for those tax years, 
organization, scientific tax-exempt organization, or grant           then divide the result by 3.

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For the 8th tax year beginning after 1993 for which you               Checking the box on line 17 or line 34 to elect the 
have qualified research expenses, divide the aggregate              TIP reduced research credit when no research credits 
qualified research expenses for the 5th, 6th, and 7th such tax          are claimed on the original return doesn’t mean that 
years by the aggregate gross receipts for those tax years,          you are claiming the regular research credit or that you are 
then divide the result by 2.                                        making the ASC election.
For the 9th tax year beginning after 1993 for which you 
have qualified research expenses, divide the aggregate                If you don’t elect the reduced credit, you must reduce your 
qualified research expenses for the 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th          otherwise allowable deduction for qualified research 
such tax years by the aggregate gross receipts for those tax        expenses or basic research expenses by the amount of the 
years, then divide the result by 1.5.                               credit on this line. If the credit exceeds the amount allowed 
For the 10th tax year beginning after 1993 for which you          as a deduction for the tax year, reduce the amount 
have qualified research expenses, divide the aggregate              chargeable to capital account for the year for such expenses 
qualified research expenses for the 5th through 9th such tax        by the amount of the excess. Attach a statement to your tax 
years by the aggregate gross receipts for those tax years,          return that lists the deduction amounts (or capitalized 
then divide the result by 1.2.                                      expenses) that were reduced. Identify the lines of your return 
For the 11th and later tax years beginning after 1993 for         (schedule or forms for capitalized items) on which the 
which you have qualified research expenses, divide the              reductions were made.
aggregate qualified research expenses for any 5 of the 5th 
through 10th such tax years by the aggregate gross receipts           If you make an election to claim a portion of your research 
for those tax years.                                                credit as a payroll tax credit, the amount elected is treated as 
                                                                    a research credit for purposes of the reduced credit.
  The fixed-base percentage for an existing company (any 
company that isn’t a start-up company) is figured by dividing       Section B—Alternative Simplified 
the aggregate qualified research expenses for the tax years 
beginning after 1983 and before 1989 by the aggregate               Credit (ASC)
gross receipts for those tax years.                                 Complete this section only if, instead of the regular credit:
  The fixed-base percentage for all companies (existing and           1. You are electing the ASC, or
start-up) must be rounded to the nearest 1/100th of 1% (that          2. You previously elected the ASC and aren’t revoking 
is, four decimal places) and can’t exceed 16%. In addition,         the election on this return.
when figuring your fixed-base percentage, you must reflect 
expenses for qualified research conducted in Puerto Rico or         Electing the ASC.  You elect the ASC by completing 
a U.S. possession for all prior tax years included in the           Section B and attaching the completed Form 6765 to your 
computation.                                                        timely filed (including extensions) original return for the tax 
                                                                    year the election applies. An ASC election can be made on 
  If short tax years are involved, see Regulations section          an amended return for a tax year only if you hadn’t previously 
1.41-3(b).                                                          claimed the research credit on an original return or amended 
        Reduce gross receipts by returns and allowances.            return for that tax year. An extension of time to make the ASC 
                                                                    election will not be granted.
  !     For a foreign corporation, include only gross receipts 
CAUTION that are effectively connected with a trade or 
business in the United States (or in Puerto Rico or a U.S.          Line 29
possession, if applicable).                                         Enter your qualified research expenses for the prior 3 tax 
                                                                    years. If the credit terminates during the tax year, prorate the 
Line 11                                                             qualified research expenses for the prior 3 tax years for the 
                                                                    number of days the credit applied during the tax year.
Enter the average annual gross receipts (reduced by returns 
and allowances) for the 4 tax years preceding the tax year for      Section C—Current Year Credit
which the credit is being determined. You may be required to 
annualize gross receipts for any short tax year. For a foreign      Line 35
corporation, include only gross receipts that are effectively       If the credit on line 17 or line 34 includes amounts paid to 
connected with a trade or business in the United States (or in      employees as wages, and you are claiming a credit for 
Puerto Rico or a U.S. possession, if applicable).                   employer differential wage payments based on payments 
  For a tax year that the credit terminates, the average            you made to the same employees, enter on line 35 the 
annual gross receipts for the 4 tax years preceding the             portion of the credit from Form 8932, line 2, that is 
termination tax year is prorated for the number of days the         attributable to wages that were used to figure the credit on 
credit applied during the tax year.                                 line 17 or line 34 (whichever applies).
Line 17                                                               See Form 8932, Credit for Employer Differential Wage 
                                                                    Payments, for more information on the credit.
If you are electing the reduced research credit, you must 
complete Form 6765 (even if no research credits are claimed         Line 37
on the original return) and clearly indicate your intent to make 
the election. In order for the election to apply, the Form 6765     Enter total credit for increasing research activities from:
must be filed with your original timely filed (including            Schedule K-1 (Form 1065), Partner's Share of Income, 
extensions) return for the tax year. Once made, the election        Deductions, Credits, etc., box 15 (code M);
is irrevocable for that tax year.                                   Schedule K-1 (Form 1120S), Shareholder's Share of 
                                                                    Income, Deductions, Credits, etc., box 13 (code M); and
                                                                    Schedule K-1 (Form 1041), Beneficiary's Share of Income, 
                                                                    Deductions, Credits, etc., box 13 (code I).

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Worksheet for Figuring General Business Credit Carryforward                                              Keep for Your Records
1. Enter the sum of the following lines from Form 3800, Part I, line 6, and Part II, line 25 and line 36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                          ____
2. Enter the amount from Form 3800, Part II, line 38  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           ____
3. Subtract line 2 from line 1  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .____
4. Enter the amount from Form 3800, Part I, line 5, and Part II, line 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  ____
5. Current year general business credit carryforward. Subtract line 4 from line 3. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                           ____

  Partnerships and S corporations report the above credits                  Tax Credit for Increasing Research Activities. Use Form 8974 
on line 37. Also, estates and trusts that can allocate the                  to figure the amount to be applied to your payroll taxes.
source credit to beneficiaries report the above credits on 
line 37. All other filers figuring a separate credit on earlier             A qualified small business claiming a portion of the 
lines also report the above credits on line 37. All others not              research credit as a payroll tax credit must adjust the 
using earlier lines to figure a separate credit can report the              research credit carryforward for the payroll tax credit claimed.

above credits directly on Form 3800, Part III, as follows.                  Research Credit Claims on Amended 
Eligible small businesses, report the credit on line 4i. See 
the definition of “eligible small business” under Definitions,              Returns
earlier. Also see Treatment of partners and S corporation                   If you are claiming a refund or credit on an amended return or 
shareholders, earlier.                                                      an AAR (as applicable) that includes a section 41 credit for 
All others, report the credit on line 1c.                                 increasing research activities that either (a) was not reported 
                                                                            on your original filed return or (b) is increased from the 
Line 39                                                                     amount reported on your original return, the following five 
Estates and trusts. Allocate the credit for increasing                      items of information must be identified and provided with 
research activities on line 38 between the estate or trust and              your claim.
the beneficiaries in the same proportion as income was                      1. Identify all the business components to which the 
allocated and enter the beneficiaries’ share on line 39.                    research credit claim relates for that year.
  If the estate or trust is subject to the passive activity rules,          2. For each business component, identify all the research 
include on line 37 any credit for increasing research from                  activities performed.
passive activities disallowed for prior years and carried                   3. For each business component, name the individuals 
forward to this year. Complete Form 8582-CR, Passive                        who performed each research activity. A taxpayer may 
Activity Credit Limitations, to determine the allowed credit                instead identify the individuals who performed each research 
that must be allocated between the estate or trust and the                  activity by listing the individual's title or position.
beneficiaries. For details, see the Instructions for Form 
8582-CR.                                                                    4. For each business component, describe the 
                                                                            information each individual sought to discover.
Section D—Qualified Small Business                                          5. Provide the total qualified employee wage expenses, 
                                                                            total qualified supply expenses, and total qualified contract 
Payroll Tax Election and Payroll Tax                                        research expenses paid or incurred for the research credit 
Credit                                                                      claim. This fifth item may be done by using Form 6765.
Complete this section only if you are making the payroll tax                If you submit a credit study or other document, please 
election. Before completing this section, you must complete                 identify the exact pages that contain the five items of 
Form 3800 if you are a qualified small business other than a                information described above.
partnership or an S corporation.
                                                                            BBA Partnerships must also submit Forms 8985 and 8986 
Line 41                                                                     to the IRS and send Forms 8986 to their partners. BBA 
Check the box on line 41 if you are a qualified small business              Partnerships do not need to provide the five items of 
electing to claim a certain portion of your research credit as a            information on the Forms 8985 and Forms 8986 where the 
payroll tax credit. See the definition of "qualified small                  five items of information are included with the Form 6765 
business" under Definitions, earlier.                                       attached to the BBA Partnership's AAR.
                                                                            Partners of BBA Partnership.  BBA Partnerships may not 
Line 42                                                                     file an amended return; they must instead file an AAR to 
Enter the portion of your research credit, figured on line 36,              change any partnership-related items for any previously filed 
that you are claiming as a payroll tax credit. Don’t enter more             partnership tax returns. If you are a partner of a BBA and 
than $250,000.                                                              filing a return that includes a research credit reported on the 
                                                                            BBA Partnership's AAR, you may, but are not required to, 
Line 43                                                                     include the five items of information with your return to which 
Use the worksheet to figure the general business credit                     your Form 8978 is attached if the BBA Partnership has 
carryforward for the current year.                                          provided the information to you with their AAR.
Line 44
Enter the amount from line 44 on the applicable line of Form 
8974, Part 1, column (e), Qualified Small Business Payroll 

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Paperwork Reduction Act Notice.               We ask for the information on this form to carry out the Internal Revenue laws of the 
United States. You are required to give us the information. We need it to ensure that you are complying with these laws and to 
allow us to figure and collect the right amount of tax.
You aren’t required to provide the information requested on a form that is subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act unless the 
form displays a valid OMB control number. Books or records relating to a form or its instructions must be retained as long as 
their contents may become material in the administration of any Internal Revenue law. Generally, tax returns and return 
information are confidential, as required by section 6103.
The time needed to complete and file this form will vary depending on individual circumstances. The estimated burden for 
individual and business taxpayers filing this form is approved under OMB control number 1545-0074 and 1545-0123 and is 
included in the estimates shown in the instructions for their individual and business income tax return. The estimated burden for 
all other taxpayers who file this form is shown below.

Recordkeeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 hr., 31 min.
Learning about the law or the form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     2 hr., 25 min.
Preparing and sending the form to the IRS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        5 hr., 6 min.

If you have comments concerning the accuracy of these time estimates or suggestions for making this form simpler, we 
would be happy to hear from you. See the instructions for the tax return with which this form is filed.

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